畜牧业在确保粮食安全和推动全球经济方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,病毒感染可能会产生深远的影响,超出经济生产力,影响牛的健康,以及对人类健康和其他动物构成的风险。鉴定粪便样本中存在的病毒,病原体传播的主要途径,对于发展有效的预防措施至关重要,control,监控策略。病毒宏基因组方法提供了更广阔的视野,并具有检测先前未知的病毒或发现先前未描述的病原体的巨大潜力。乌巴特省是哥伦比亚的奶制品之都,也是该国重要的畜牧业生产中心。因此,这项研究的目的是表征该地区牛粪便样本中的病毒群落。从乌巴特省的三个市镇共采集了42个样本,位于哥伦比亚中部,使用一种方便的非概率抽样方法。我们利用牛津纳米孔技术(ONT)的宏基因组测序,结合多样性和系统发育分析。研究结果表明,各市的病毒成分一致且稳定,主要由Picornaviridae家族的成员组成。在物种层面,最常见的病毒是肠道病毒E(EVE)和牛星状病毒(BoAstV)。重要的是,这项研究报告说,第一次在哥伦比亚,具有兽医重要性的病毒的出现频率显着:EVE(59%),牛科布病毒(BKV)(52%),和BoAstV(19%)。此外,该研究证实了动物粪便中存在编码环状复制酶的单链(CRESS)病毒。这些序列与从亚洲和拉丁美洲获得的样本进行系统发育分组,强调在整个非洲大陆拥有足够代表性的重要性。乌巴特省牛粪病毒的特征是潜在致病性病毒如BoAstV和EVE占优势,已经报道了相当多的频率和数量。其中几种病毒在哥伦比亚首次被发现。本研究展示了在流行病学监测中使用宏基因组测序技术的实用性。这也为进一步研究这些药物对牛健康及其在全国范围内的健康状况的影响铺平了道路。
Livestock plays a crucial role in ensuring food security and driving the global economy. However, viral infections can have far-reaching consequences beyond economic productivity, affecting the health of cattle, as well as posing risks to human health and other animals. Identifying viruses present in fecal samples, a primary route of pathogen transmission, is essential for developing effective prevention, control, and surveillance strategies. Viral metagenomic approaches offer a broader perspective and hold great potential for detecting previously unknown viruses or uncovering previously undescribed agents. Ubaté Province is Colombia\'s dairy capital and a key center for livestock production in the country. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize viral communities in fecal samples from cattle in this region. A total of 42 samples were collected from three municipalities in Ubaté Province, located in central Colombia, using a convenient non-probabilistic sampling method. We utilized metagenomic sequencing with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), combined with diversity and phylogenetic analysis. The findings revealed a consistent and stable viral composition across the municipalities, primarily comprising members of the Picornaviridae family. At the species level, the most frequent viruses were Enterovirus E (EVE) and Bovine Astrovirus (BoAstV). Significantly, this study reported, for the first time in Colombia, the presence of viruses with veterinary importance occurring at notable frequencies: EVE (59%), Bovine Kobuvirus (BKV) (52%), and BoAstV (19%). Additionally, the study confirmed the existence of Circular replicase-encoding single-stranded (CRESS) Virus in animal feces. These sequences were phylogenetically grouped with samples obtained from Asia and Latin America, underscoring the importance of having adequate representation across the continent. The virome of bovine feces in Ubaté Province is characterized by the predominance of potentially pathogenic viruses such as BoAstV and EVE that have been reported with substantial frequency and quantities. Several of these viruses were identified in Colombia for the first time. This study showcases the utility of using metagenomic sequencing techniques in epidemiological surveillance. It also paves the way for further research on the influence of these agents on bovine health and their frecuency across the country.