本研究调查了膳食ME和CP对肉类脂肪酸谱的最佳浓度,肠道微生物组,从120到150日龄的Dan州鸡和盲肠代谢组。总共有七百二十只一百二十只一百二十只一百二十只一百二十只天龄的德州母鸡,具有类似的BW,随机分配到6个处理中,每个处理6个重复,每个20只鸟。给鸡饲喂2个水平的日粮ME(11.70MJ/kg,12.50MJ/kg),和3个水平的饮食CP(13%,14%,和15%)。结果表明,饲粮ME和CP水平对最终BW没有影响,ADG,ADFI,和饲料增重比(g:g)(P>0.05)。血清甘油三酯的浓度,胰岛素,12.50MJ/kg组血糖最高(P<0.05)。膳食ME,CP等级,它们的相互作用影响(P<0.05)胸肌中的脂肪酸含量,大腿肌肉,还有肝脏.高ME组肝脏C18:0、C20:0、C22:0、C22:1、C18:2、C18:3、C22:6、SFA水平高于低ME组(P<0.05)。C16:0,C14:1,C18:1,C22:5,SFA,低CP组MUFA和USFA高于其他组(P<0.05)。日粮ME和CP水平在不同分类水平上不同程度地改变了鸡盲肠中微生物群的组成和相对丰度。饲粮ME和CP之间的交互作用对10种植物的相对丰度有显著影响(P<0.05)。在这些物种中,6种属于拟杆菌属。值得注意的是,随着饲粮ME水平的提高,两种益生菌的相对丰度显着增加(P<0.05)。盲肠中有6种差异代谢产物,包括血栓烷A2,5,6-DHET,前列腺素D2,20-羟基二十碳四烯酸,12(S)-HPETE和前列腺素I2随着饲粮ME水平的升高而显著降低(P<0.05),均参与花生四烯酸代谢。总之,本研究表明,12.50MJ/kgME和14%CP的日粮水平在脂肪酸组成方面提高了肉品质,并显示出通过积极调节本地生长的Dan州鸡的盲肠微生物群来维持肠道健康的益处。
The present study investigated the optimal concentration of dietary ME and CP for the fatty acid profile of meat, gut microbiome, and cecal metabolome in Danzhou chickens from 120 to 150 d of age. A total of seven hundred and twenty 120-d-old Danzhou female chickens, with a similar BW, were randomly allocated into 6 treatments with 6 replicates and each of 20 birds. The chickens were fed 2 levels of dietary ME (11.70 MJ/kg, 12.50 MJ/kg), and 3 levels of dietary CP (13%, 14%, and 15%). The results showed that dietary ME and CP levels didn\'t affect final BW, ADG, ADFI, and feed gain ratio (g: g) (P > 0.05). The serum concentrations of triglyceride, insulin, and glucose in the 12.50 MJ/kg group were the highest (P < 0.05). Dietary ME, CP levels, and their interactions affected (P < 0.05) the fatty acid content in the breast muscle, thigh muscle, and liver. The levels of C18:0, C20:0, C22:0, C22:1, C18:2, C18:3, C22:6, and SFA of the liver in the high ME group were higher than those in the low ME group (P < 0.05). The levels of C16:0, C14:1, C18:1, C22:5, SFA, MUFA and USFA in the low CP group were higher than the corresponding values in the other groups (P < 0.05). Dietary ME and CP levels altered the composition and relative abundance of microbiota in the cecum of chickens at various taxonomic levels to different extents. Significant effects of interactions were found between dietary ME and CP on the relative abundance of 10 species (P < 0.05), and among these species, 6 species belonged to the genus Bacteroides. Notably, the relative abundance of 2 probiotic species including Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus salivarius was significantly increased (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary ME level. There were 6 differential metabolites in the cecum, comprising thromboxane A2, 5,6-DHET, prostaglandin D2, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 12(S)-HPETE and prostaglandin I2 significantly reduced (P < 0.05) with increasing the dietary ME level; all of them are involved in arachidonic acid metabolism. In conclusion, the present study suggested that the dietary levels of 12.50 MJ/kg ME and 14% CP enhanced meat quality in terms of fatty acid composition, and showed benefits for maintaining intestinal health via positive regulation of cecal microbiota in native growing Danzhou chickens.