BACKGROUND: Adolescent malignant-bone tumor patients\' fear of cancer recurrence is a significant psychological issue, and exploring the influencing factors associated with fear of cancer recurrence in this population is important for developing effective interventions. This study is to investigate the current status and factors influencing fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) related to malignant bone-tumors in adolescent patients, providing evidence for future targeted mental health support and interventions.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey.
METHODS: In total, 269 adolescent malignant-bone tumor cases were treated at two hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China from January 2023 to December 2023. Patients completed a General Information Questionnaire, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), Family Hardiness Index (FHI), and a Simple Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions analysis were used to assess fear of cancer recurrence.
RESULTS: A total of 122 (45.4%) patients experienced FCR (FoP-Q-SF ≥ 34). Logistic regression analysis analyses showed that per capita-monthly family income, tumor stage, communication between the treating physician and the patient, patient\'s family relationships, family hardiness a positive coping score, and a negative coping score were the main factors influencing FCR in these patients (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: FCR in malignant-bone tumor adolescent patients is profound. Healthcare professionals should develop targeted interventional strategies based on the identified factors, which affect these patients; helping patients increase family hardiness, helping patients to positively adapt, and avoid negative coping styles.

22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a rare multisystem genetic disorder with over 200 associated characteristics, occurring in various combinations and severity. Extensive biomedical research has been undertaken on 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, however, there is a dearth of research on families\' experiences of managing a family member with this condition. The complex and at times serious phenotypical presentation of the syndrome can make the management of the condition difficult for families. The aim of this mixed method explanatory sequential study was to investigate family hardiness as a resilience factor for adaptation in families of children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome from parents\' perspectives. We found that adaptation scores increased by 0.57 points (95% CI: 0.19-0.94) for every one-point increase in family hardiness score. Qualitative results indicated that acceptance of the child\'s diagnosis and support positively influenced hardiness whereas fears about the future and their experiences of loss negatively influenced hardiness.

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of the meta-analysis were to evaluate the relationship between family hardiness and different dimensions of parent and family functioning in households experiencing adverse child or family life events and circumstances and determine if family hardiness had either or both stress-buffering and healthenhancing effects on parent and family functioning.
METHODS: Studies were included if the correlations between family hardiness and different dimensions of parental or family functioning were reported. The synthesis included 53 studies (N = 4418 participants) conducted in nine countries between 1992 and 2017.
RESULTS: showed that family hardiness was related to less parental stress, anxiety/depression, and parenting burden/demands and positively related to parental global health, well-being, and parenting practices. Results also showed that family hardiness was negatively related to family stress and positively related to family life satisfaction, adaptation, and cohesion. The effects sizes between family hardiness and positive parent and family functioning indicators were larger than those for stress-buffering indicators. Child and family life events and child age moderated the relationship between family hardiness and family but not parental functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with the hypothesis that family hardiness is an internal resource that simultaneously has stress-buffering and health-enhancing effects on parent and family functioning.
OBJECTIVE: el presente metaanálisis buscó evaluar la relación entre resistencia y diferentes dimensiones del funcionamiento parental y familiar en hogares que experimentan acontecimientos vitales adversos tanto familiares como del niño/a. El segundo objetivo fue determinar si la resistencia familiar tenía un efecto amortiguador del estrés y/o el aumento de la salud en el funcionamiento parental y familiar.
UNASSIGNED: Se incluyeron aquellos estudios que aportaban la correlación entre la resistencia familiar y una o más dimensiones de funcionamiento parental y familiar. La síntesis incluyo 53 estudios (N = 4418 participantes) llevados a cabo en nueve países entre 1992 y 2017.
RESULTS: No se encontró sesgo en la publicación de los tamaños de los efectos de los informes de investigación en el metaanálisis. Los resultados mostraron que la resistencia familiar estaba relacionada con menos estrés parental, ansiedad/depresión y demandas/cargas parentales y se relacionaba positivamente con la salud parental global, el bienestar emocional y las prácticas parentales. Los resultados también mostraron cómo la resistencia familiar se relacionaba de manera negativa con el estrés familiar y de manera positiva con la satisfacción con la vida, adaptación y cohesión. Los tamaños del efecto entre resistencia familiar e indicadores positivos de funcionamiento familiar y parental fueron mayores que los de la amortiguación del estrés.
CONCLUSIONS: Los acontecimientos de la vida del niño/a y de la familia, junto con la edad del niño/a, moderaban la relación entre la resistencia y el funcionamiento familiares, pero no el funcionamiento parental. Los resultados son consistentes con la hipótesis de que la resistencia familiar es un recurso interno que de manera simultánea tiene un efecto amortiguador del estrés y el aumento de la salud para el funcionamiento parental y familiar.

UNASSIGNED: Struggling with heart failure (HF) may be a distressful experience for the entire family. As a key variable contributing to positive family functioning, family hardiness can protect against HF-related harm. Thus, recognizing factors associated with family hardiness could promote strategies that enable successful adaptation to HF. This study aimed to explore protective factors linked to family hardiness among HF patients.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2020 among 167 HF patients in Nanjing, China. The study measures comprised a self-designed general information questionnaire, the Family Hardiness Index, the Mutuality Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS, version 25 and comprised Pearson\'s correlation analysis, a multiple linear regression model, and an analysis of mediating effects.
UNASSIGNED: The average Family Hardiness Index score for the 167 HF patients was 57.95 ± 11.41. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that mutuality, active coping style, and positive emotions of HF patients positively predicted family hardiness (β = 0.359, 0.308, and 0.215, respectively; all P ˂ 0.05). Mutuality between patients and family members had partial mediating effects between active coping style, positive emotions, and family hardiness.
UNASSIGNED: Our results revealed that patients\' active coping styles, positive emotions, and mutuality were protective factors associated with family hardiness. In light of our findings, we suggest that active coping strategies, positive emotions, and, especially, closer relationships within families should be encouraged during the rehabilitation and follow-up care of HF patients.

Purpose: Despite the theoretical and empirical significance of positive aspects of caregiving in caregiver well-being, relatively little is known regarding family-related predictors of caregiver positivity. This study examines whether patient-family communication (p-f communication) mediates the relation between family hardiness and caregiver positivity and whether the mediating effects of p-f communication are moderated by the levels of caregiver depression and anxiety. Design/Sample: This study used secondary data obtained from a large-scale cross-sectional national survey conducted in South Korea. Participants were 544 spousal cancer patient-caregiver dyads recruited from the National Cancer Center and nine government-designated regional cancer centers in South Korea. Methods: To test the hypotheses, a simple mediation model and two moderated mediation tests were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Findings: Higher family hardiness was related to higher p-f positive communication and higher caregiver positivity. The effects of family hardiness were partially mediated by p-f communication, controlling for caregiver sex, education, health status, depression and anxiety, time spent caregiving, and patient depression and anxiety, cancer stage, and time since diagnosis. The mediating effects of p-f communication were not significantly moderated by caregiver depression and anxiety. Conclusions/Implications: Health care professionals could consider p-f communication as a reasonable target of intervention to increase caregiver positivity, even for caregivers with heightened depression and anxiety.

OBJECTIVE: family resilience refers to the ability of a family group to adapt to challenging circumstances. For families residing in the inner-city, the concept of resilience is of particular salience as these families often encounter multiple stressors. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with low family resilience during pregnancy among inner-city women.
METHODS: secondary analysis of data from a case-control study of factors related to inadequate antenatal care.
METHODS: participants consisted of 603 postpartum women who gave birth to a live infant and resided in one of eight inner-city neighbourhoods in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
METHODS: participants were designated as having low family resilience (n=155) or moderate to high family resilience (n=448) based on scores on the Family Hardiness Index. Univariate analyses were conducted to explore the association between a variety of factors during pregnancy and family resilience, and crude odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Factors significant at p<.10 were then entered into a multivariate logistic regression model, yielding adjusted ORs and 95% CI.
RESULTS: the following factors were significantly associated with low family resilience among pregnant inner-city women in the final model: maternal age <25 years (AOR 1.69), low self-esteem (AOR 2.82), high perceived stress (AOR 3.01), alcohol use during pregnancy (AOR 3.20), and low interpersonal support (AOR 6.24).
CONCLUSIONS: inner-city women who are young or have low self-esteem, high perceived stress, low interpersonal support, or who use alcohol during pregnancy are more likely to report lower levels of family resilience.
CONCLUSIONS: midwives have the opportunity to develop ongoing relationships with their clients and families. As such, they are in an excellent position to understand the specific needs and strengths of individual families and foster the abilities of these families to strengthen and support resilience.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the degree of caregiver burden and family functioning among Taiwanese primary family caregivers of people with schizophrenia and to test its association with demographic characteristics, family demands, sense of coherence and family hardiness.
BACKGROUND: Family caregiving is a great concern in mental illness. Yet, the correlates of caregiver burden and family functioning in primary family caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia still remain unclear.
METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study.
METHODS: A convenience sample of 137 primary family caregivers was recruited from two psychiatric outpatient clinics in Taiwan. Measures included a demographic information sheet and the Chinese versions of the Family Stressors Index, Family Strains Index, 13-item Sense of Coherence Scale, 18-item Caregiver Burden Scale, Family Hardiness Index and Family Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve Index. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson\'s product-moment correlation coefficients, t-test, one-way analysis of variance and a stepwise multiple linear regression.
UNASSIGNED: Female caregivers, additional dependent relatives, increased family demands and decreased sense of coherence significantly increased caregiver burden, whereas siblings as caregivers reported lower degrees of burden than parental caregivers. Family caregivers with lower family demands, increased family hardiness and higher educational level had significantly enhanced family functioning. Sense of coherence was significantly correlated with family hardiness.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlighted the importance of sense of coherence and family hardiness in individual and family adaptation. Special attention needs to focus on therapeutic interventions that enhance sense of coherence and family hardiness, thereby improving the perception of burden of care and family functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the nature of family caregiving in schizophrenia, understanding of correlates of caregiver burden and family functioning would help provide useful avenues for the development of family-focused intervention in psychiatric mental health nursing practice.