■研究表明,老年人的面部表情识别得分明显低于年轻人。有些人认为这种差异是由于感知退化,而其他人则认为这是由于老年人对面部信息最丰富的区域的注意力减少。
■为了解决这一争议,这项研究招募了85名参与者,并使用了行为任务和眼动追踪技术(EyeLink1000Plus眼动追踪器).它采用了“学习认可”范式,和3的混合实验设计(面部表情:积极,中性,阴性)×2(受试者年龄:年轻,旧)×3(感兴趣的面部区域:眼睛,鼻子,和嘴)用于探索老年人对面部表情的注意力是否存在感知退化,并调查年轻人和老年人之间诊断区域的差异。
■行为结果显示,年轻参与者的面部表情识别得分明显高于年长参与者;此外,眼球追踪结果显示,年轻人通常比老年人更专注于面部,证明了老年人的知觉退化。年轻人主要看眼睛,接着是鼻子,最后,检查面部表情时的嘴。老年参与者主要关注眼睛,接着是嘴巴,然后是鼻子。
■研究结果证实,年轻参与者比老年参与者具有更好的面部表情识别性能,这可能与感知退化有关,而不是与对面部信息区域的注意力减少有关。对于老年人来说,在识别人脸时,应增加注视面部诊断区域(如眼睛)的持续时间,以弥补因感知老化而导致的面部识别性能下降的缺点。
UNASSIGNED: Studies have shown that elderly individuals have significantly worse facial expression recognition scores than young adults. Some have suggested that this difference is due to perceptual degradation, while others suggest it is due to decreased attention of elderly individuals to the most informative regions of the face.
UNASSIGNED: To resolve this controversy, this study recruited 85 participants and used a behavioral task and eye-tracking techniques (EyeLink 1000 Plus eye tracker). It adopted the \"study-recognition\" paradigm, and a mixed experimental design of 3 (facial expressions: positive, neutral, negative) × 2 (subjects\' age: young, old) × 3 (facial areas of interest: eyes, nose, and mouth) was used to explore whether there was perceptual degradation in older people\'s attention to facial expressions and investigate the differences in diagnostic areas between young and older people.
UNASSIGNED: The behavioral results revealed that young participants had significantly higher facial expression recognition scores than older participants did; moreover, the eye-tracking results revealed that younger people generally fixated on faces significantly more than elderly people, demonstrating the perceptual degradation in elderly people. Young people primarily look at the eyes, followed by the nose and, finally, the mouth when examining facial expressions. The elderly participants primarily focus on the eyes, followed by the mouth and then the nose.
UNASSIGNED: The findings confirmed that young participants have better facial expression recognition performance than elderly participants, which may be related more to perceptual degradation than to decreased attention to informative areas of the face. For elderly people, the duration of gaze toward the facial diagnosis area (such as the eyes) should be increased when recognizing faces to compensate for the disadvantage of decreased facial recognition performance caused by perceptual aging.