极端细菌已经开发出了在极端温度下生活的代谢机制,pH值,和高盐含量。两个新的细菌菌株Alicyclobacillussp。PA1和脂环杆菌。PA2是从恰帕斯州的火山口湖ElChichon中分离出来的,墨西哥。基于16SrRNA基因序列的系统发育树分析表明,该菌株脂环酸杆菌。PA1和脂环杆菌。PA2与脂环杆菌密切相关(98%的同一性和94.73%的同一性,分别)。两种菌株都是革兰氏可变的,殖民地是圆形的,光滑和奶油。电镜显示比脂环菌。PA1具有雏菊状形式和脂环杆菌。PA2是常规棒。两种菌株都可以使用不同的碳水化合物和甘油三酯作为碳源,它们也可以使用有机和无机氮源。但是,这两个菌株可以在没有任何碳源或氮源的培养基中生长。温度,pH和营养条件影响细菌生长。脂环杆菌在65°C时产生了最大的生长。pH为3的PA1(0.732DO600)和脂环杆菌。PA2(0.725DO600)在pH5。确定了β-半乳糖苷酶的可诱导的细胞外极端酶活性(脂环菌。PA1:88.07±0.252U/mg,脂环杆菌。PA2:51.57±0.308U/mg),纤维素(脂环杆菌。PA1:141.20±0.585U/mg,脂环杆菌。PA2:51.57±0.308U/mg),脂肪酶(脂环杆菌。PA1:138.25±0.600U/mg,脂环杆菌。PA2:175.75±1.387U/mg),木聚糖酶(脂环菌。PA1:174.72±1.746U/mg,脂环杆菌。PA2:172.69±0.855U/mg),和蛋白酶(脂环杆菌。PA1:15.12±0.121U/mg,脂环杆菌。PA2:15.33±0.284U/mg)。这些结果提供了有关脂环杆菌物种的极端酶促生产的新见解。
Extremophile bacteria have developed the metabolic machinery for living in extreme temperatures, pH, and high-salt content. Two novel bacterium strains Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1 and Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2, were isolated from crater lake El Chichon in Chiapas, Mexico. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on the 16SrRNA gene sequence revealed that the strain Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1 and Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2 were closely related to Alicyclobacillus species (98% identity and 94.73% identity, respectively). Both strains were Gram variable, and colonies were circular, smooth and creamy. Electron microscopy showed than Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1 has a daisy-like form and Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2 is a regular rod. Both strains can use diverse carbohydrates and triglycerides as carbon source and they also can use organic and inorganic nitrogen source. But, the two strains can grow without any carbon or nitrogen sources in the culture medium. Temperature, pH and nutrition condition affect bacterial growth. Maximum growth was produced at 65 °C for Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1 (0.732 DO600) at pH 3 and Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2 (0.725 DO600) at pH 5. Inducible extracellular
extremozyme activities were determined for β-galactosidase (Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1: 88.07 ± 0.252 U/mg, Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2: 51.57 ± 0.308 U/mg), cellulose (Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1: 141.20 ± 0.585 U/mg, Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2: 51.57 ± 0.308 U/mg), lipase (Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1: 138.25 ± 0.600 U/mg, Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2: 175.75 ± 1.387 U/mg), xylanase (Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1: 174.72 ± 1.746 U/mg, Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2: 172.69 ± 0.855U/mg), and protease (Alicyclobacillus sp. PA1: 15.12 ± 0.121 U/mg, Alicyclobacillus sp. PA2: 15.33 ± 0.284 U/mg). These results provide new insights on extreme enzymatic production on Alicyclobacillus species.