负载的纳米颗粒作为一种有前途的催化剂,在许多应用中获得独特的性能,已经引起了相当大的关注。包括燃料电池,化学转化,和电池。纳米催化剂通过扩大活性位点的数量表现出高活性,但它们也加剧了失活问题,如凝聚和中毒,同时。用于自底向上合成负载型纳米颗粒的溶液已成为克服与常规纳米材料相关的限制的突破性技术。纳米颗粒从钙钛矿氧化物载体中均匀地溶解并通过一步还原过程嵌入到氧化物载体中。它们的均匀性和稳定性,由于插座结构,在新型纳米催化剂的开发中起着至关重要的作用。最近,巨大的研究努力已经致力于进一步控制溶出粒子。为了更精确地有效解决解决方案,了解潜在的机制至关重要。这篇综述全面概述了解决方案机制,专注于它的驱动力,进程,属性,和协同战略,以及在不同应用中优化纳米催化剂的新途径。
Supported nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as a promising catalyst for achieving unique properties in numerous applications, including fuel cells, chemical conversion, and batteries. Nanocatalysts demonstrate high activity by expanding the number of active sites, but they also intensify deactivation issues, such as agglomeration and poisoning, simultaneously.
Exsolution for bottom-up synthesis of supported nanoparticles has emerged as a breakthrough technique to overcome limitations associated with conventional nanomaterials. Nanoparticles are uniformly exsolved from perovskite oxide supports and socketed into the oxide support by a one-step reduction process. Their uniformity and stability, resulting from the socketed structure, play a crucial role in the development of novel nanocatalysts. Recently, tremendous research efforts have been dedicated to further controlling
exsolution particles. To effectively address
exsolution at a more precise level, understanding the underlying mechanism is essential. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the
exsolution mechanism, with a focus on its driving force, processes, properties, and synergetic strategies, as well as new pathways for optimizing nanocatalysts in diverse applications.