在功率降低的感觉运动区域上观察到β范围(从13到30Hz)中与运动相关的振荡(即,事件相关的去同步,ERD)在运动计划和执行期间,随后增加(即,与事件相关的同步,ERS)运动结束后。这些现象发生在活动,被动,imaged,观察动作。一些电生理学研究已经使用βERD和ERS作为感觉运动完整性的功能指标,主要是影响运动系统的疾病。最近的文献还强调了β-ERD和ERS的其他特征,暗示它们在与运动功能不严格相关的过程中的作用。在这里,我们回顾了运动相关的ERD和ERS在以运动功能障碍为特征的疾病中的研究。包括帕金森病,肌张力障碍,中风,肌萎缩侧索硬化,脑瘫,和多发性硬化症。我们还回顾了在生理衰老中报道的βERD和ERS的变化,老年痴呆症,和精神分裂症,三种情况没有明显的运动症状。对这些工作的回顾表明,ERD和ERS异常存在于所检查的病理以及发育和衰老的范围内。他们进一步表明,认知和运动是紧密相关的过程,可能具有共同的β调节机制。采用多模式方法的未来研究不仅需要了解与运动相关的β调制的特定地形动力学,而且还需要了解与运动和认知过程相关的β频率变化的一般含义。这种方法将为设计和实施神经精神疾病的新治疗方法提供基础。
Movement-related oscillations in the beta range (from 13 to 30 Hz) have been observed over sensorimotor areas with power decrease (i.e., event-related desynchronization,
ERD) during motor planning and execution followed by an increase (i.e., event-related synchronization, ERS) after the movement\'s end. These phenomena occur during active, passive, imaged, and observed movements. Several electrophysiology studies have used beta
ERD and ERS as functional indices of sensorimotor integrity, primarily in diseases affecting the motor system. Recent literature also highlights other characteristics of beta ERD and ERS, implying their role in processes not strictly related to motor function. Here we review studies about movement-related
ERD and ERS in diseases characterized by motor dysfunction, including Parkinson\'s disease, dystonia, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis. We also review changes of beta
ERD and ERS reported in physiological aging, Alzheimer\'s disease, and schizophrenia, three conditions without overt motor symptoms. The review of these works shows that
ERD and ERS abnormalities are present across the spectrum of the examined pathologies as well as development and aging. They further suggest that cognition and movement are tightly related processes that may share common mechanisms regulated by beta modulation. Future studies with a multimodal approach are warranted to understand not only the specific topographical dynamics of movement-related beta modulation but also the general meaning of beta frequency changes occurring in relation to movement and cognitive processes at large. Such an approach will provide the foundation to devise and implement novel therapeutic approaches to neuropsychiatric disorders.