SenecaviursA(SVA)感染,猪群中一种新出现的传染病,以主要影响口腔的水疱性病变为特征,鼻子,和感染猪的蹄,类似于口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)的症状。这种疾病于2015年首次传入中国,在生猪养殖业引起了极大的恐慌。为了确定2018年至2021年中国猪群中SVA的患病率,共收集了18个省的4901个猪组织样本,自治区和直辖市(P.A.M.S)进行流行病学调查,病毒分离和遗传分析。2021年,从空间分布的角度来看,华东地区的个体阳性率(IPRs),华南,华中地区,华北,中国西南地区,中国西北地区,和东北地区分别为0,0,1.69,0.94,11.70,3.31和2.21%,分别。群体阳性率(HPRs)分别为0、0、9.52、9.09、50.00、7.69和23.08%。从时间分布的角度来看,从2018年到2021年,知识产权总体呈下降趋势,2020年仅略有上升。此外,HPR从36.63%下降到10.07%。从2021年的人口分布来看,明显健康的猪群(屠宰场)的IPR(2.62%)和HPR(12.00%)大于非健康的猪群(2.10和5.13%,分别),与2019年的结果一致。为了表征流行菌株,2019年从阳性样品中分离出的10株SVA菌株在I和VII分支集中;SVA-FJ039-2019,SVA-HuN032-2019,SVA-GX011-2019,SVA-FJ036-2019,SVA-GXF011-2019和SVA-GXF053-2019集中在CladeI,SJ018-2019和总之,直到2021年,中国猪群中SVA的患病率仍然相对较高,污染面积仍然很大,有一些隐藏的感染。在未来,必须密切监测SVA在我国猪群中的流行状况,及时调整防控措施。
Senecaviurs A (SVA) infection, an emerging infectious disease in pig populations, is characterized by vesicular lesions predominantly affecting the mouth, snout, and hooves of infected pigs, similar to the symptoms of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV). This disease first spread into China in 2015, causing great panic in the pig breeding industry. To determine the prevalence of SVA in pig herds in China from 2018 to 2021, a total of 4,901 pig tissue samples were collected from 18 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (P.A.M.s) for epidemiological investigation, virus isolation and genetic analysis. In 2021, the individual positive rates (IPRs) from the perspective of spatial distribution in East China, South China, Central China, North China, Southwest China, Northwest China, and Northeast China were 0, 0, 1.69, 0.94, 11.70, 3.31 and 2.21%, respectively. The herd positive rates (HPRs) were 0, 0, 9.52, 9.09, 50.00, 7.69 and 23.08%. From the perspective of temporal distribution, the IPR showed an overall downwards trend from 2018 to 2021, with only a slight increase in 2020. Moreover, the HPR decreased from 36.63 to 10.07%. From the perspective of population distribution in 2021, the IPR (2.62%) and HPR (12.00%) in apparently healthy pig herds (slaughterhouses) were greater than those in non-healthy pig herds (2.10 and 5.13%, respectively), consistent with the results in 2019. To characterize the prevalent strains, 10 SVA strains isolated from positive samples in 2019 were clustered in Clades I and VII; SVA-FJ039-2019, SVA-HuN032-2019, SVA-GX011-2019, SVA-FJ036-2019, SVA-GXF011-2019 and SVA-GXF053-2019 were clustered in Clade I; and SVA-FJ018-2019, SVA-SD069-2019, SVA-SD072-2019, and SVA-SD074-2019 were clustered in Clade VII. In conclusion, until 2021, the prevalence of SVA in pig herds in China was still relatively high, the contaminated area was still large, and there were a number of hidden infections. In the future, the epidemic status of SVA in pig herds in China must be closely monitored and the prevention and control measures must be adjusted in a timely manner.