木质部血管是整个木本植物大量水力流动中必不可少的关键器官。然而,环境限制导致木质部结构的分歧,其特征是空气栓塞和闭塞形成,影响葡萄藤中的水电导率。这项工作的目的是在2019年,2021年和2022年的自然出血汁液期,通过五个突尼斯葡萄品种的木质部汁液流探索木质部形态动力学。事实上,Sakasly,Khamri,Hencha,Razegui1和Razegui2雨养葡萄品种揭示了对木质部汁液运动的不同反应。结果表明,2019年的木质部汁液流量明显高于2021年和2022年的出血汁液流量。在木质部汁液流量方面,品种之间存在差异。事实上,在这三个运动中,Sakasly的木质部流量最好。Razegui1和Razegui2记录了大约相似的木质部汁液流量,而Hencha和Khamri在这三个战役中表现出最低的汁液通量。此外,使用环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)从茎横截面中鉴定出几种血管闭塞形式,包括轮胎,凝胶,淀粉,和口香糖沉积物。在Sakasly中观察到最高的闭塞数,Razegui1和Razegui2品种。在不同的生物钙形状中,在葡萄藤中首次观察到几个,包括多面的德鲁斯,立方,结晶砂,茎状体,球形,或类似水滴的结构。考虑到它们的流量较低,船只完全堵塞,Hencha和Khamri都证实了他们对环境限制的敏感性。然而,Sakasly,Razegui1和Razegui2品种根据其汁液流动和木质部形态表现出更高的耐受性。
Xylem vessels are essential pivotal organs in bulk hydraulic flow through the whole woody plant. However, environmental constraints generate disagreements in xylem structures, which are characterized by air emboli and occlusions formations, compromising water conductivity in grapevines. The aim of this work was to explore xylem morphology dynamics through the xylem sap flow of five Tunisian grapevine cultivars during the natural bleeding sap periods of 2019, 2021, and 2022. In fact, Sakasly, Khamri, Hencha, Razegui1, and Razegui2 rain-fed grapevine cultivars revealed differential responses towards xylem sap movement. The results demonstrated that the xylem sap flow was significantly more abundant in 2019 than 2021 and 2022 bleeding sap campaigns. A variation was revealed between the cultivars regarding the xylem sap flow. In fact, Sakasly gave the best xylem flow during the three campaigns. Razegui1 and Razegui2 registered approximately similar xylem sap flow, while Hencha and Khamri present the lowest sap fluxes during the three campaigns. Moreover, several vascular occlusions forms were identified from stem cross sections using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), including tyloses, gels, starch, and gum deposits. The highest occlusion number was observed in Sakasly, Razegui1, and Razegui2 cultivars. Among different biogenic calcium shapes, several were observed for the first time in grapevine, including multi-faceted druse, cubic, crystalline sand, styloids, spherical, or drop-like structures. Considering their lower flow and totally blocked vessels, both Hencha and Khamri confirmed their susceptibility to environmental constraints. However, Sakasly, Razegui1, and Razegui2 cultivars presented higher tolerance according to their sap flow and xylem morphology.