由于他们极端的环境条件,青藏高原的湖泊通常表现出简单的食物网结构,与平原上的湖泊相比,它们更容易受到气候变化的影响。浮游植物,经历不断变化的水生环境,在食物链的物质循环和能量流动中起着至关重要的作用,对于青藏高原的独特鱼类尤其重要。为确定高寒湖泊中浮游植物组成对环境变化的响应,三湖——青海湖,选择克鲁克湖和拓素湖作为研究区域。从2018年到2020年,每年在春季和夏季进行季节性抽样调查。我们的发现表明,三个湖泊的理化参数和浮游植物发生了显着变化。从2018年到2020年,青西湖浮游杆菌是青海湖的主要浮游植物。,Naviculasp.,Cymbellasp.和Achnanthidiumsp.交替占主导地位。在同一时期,克鲁克湖在以芽孢杆菌和蓝细菌为主之间交替出现。Dolichospermumsp.,蓝细菌,在2018年夏季和2019年夏季以及2020年春季盛行。在拓素湖,从2018年到2020年,除2019年夏季以蓝藻为主外,芽孢杆菌是主要的浮游植物。Synedrasp.,Oscillatoriasp.,Pseudoanabaenasp.,Chromulinasp.和Achnanthidiumsp.先后作为优势属出现。分析显示,这三个湖泊在2018年的浮游植物丰度均高于2019年和2020年。同时,他们在2018年经历了比随后几年更高的平均气温。蓝细菌,芽孢杆菌,叶绿素和总体浮游植物随温度增加而增加,随盐度和NH4-N而减少。此外,蓝细菌的比例,随着温度的升高,浮游杆菌占浮游植物总数的比例增加。这些发现表明蓝细菌和浮游植物的丰度,尤其是芽孢杆菌,在温暖潮湿的气候下,三个高山湖泊可能有增加的趋势。
Owning to their extreme environmental conditions, lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have typically displayed a simplistic food web structure, rendering them more vulnerable to climate change compared to lakes in plains. Phytoplankton, undergoing a changing aquatic environment, play a crucial role in the material cycle and energy flow of the food chain, particularly important for the unique fish species of the Tibetan Plateau. To identify the changing environment indexes and determine the response of phytoplankton composition to the environment change in alpine lakes, three lakes-Lake Qinghai, Lake Keluke and Lake Tuosu-were selected as study areas. Seasonal sampling surveys were conducted in spring and summer annually from 2018 to 2020. Our findings revealed there were significant changes in physicochemical parameters and phytoplankton in the three lakes. Bacillariophyta was the predominant phytoplankton in Lake Qinghai from 2018 to 2020, with the genera Synedra sp., Navicula sp., Cymbella sp. and Achnanthidium sp. predominated alternately. Lake Keluke alternated between being dominated by Bacillariophyta and cyanobacteria during the same period. Dolichospermum sp., a cyanobacteria, was prevalent in the summer of 2018 and 2019 and in the spring of 2020. In Lake Tuosu, Bacillariophyta was the predominant phytoplankton from 2018 to 2020, except in the summer of 2019, which was dominated by cyanobacteria. Synedra sp., Oscillatoria sp., Pseudoanabaena sp., Chromulina sp. and Achnanthidium sp. appeared successively as the dominant genera. Analysis revealed that all three lakes exhibited higher phytoplankton abundance in 2018 that in 2019 and 2020. Concurrently, they experienced higher average temperatures in 2018 than in the subsequent years. The cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and overall phytoplankton increased with temperature and decreased with salinity and NH4-N. Besides, the ratios of cyanobacteria, and the ratios of Bacillariophyta accounted in total phytoplankton increased with temperature. These findings suggest that cyanobacteria and phytoplankton abundance, especially Bacillariophyta, may have an increase tendency in the three alpine lakes under warm and wet climate.