气候变暖条件下,水的可利用性(WA)是影响陆地生态系统碳循环的关键因素。但它在多个时间尺度上对初级生产总值(EWA-3GPP)的影响知之甚少。我们使用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和偏相关分析来评估不同时间尺度下的WA-3GPP关系(RWA-3GPP),和地理加权回归(GWR),使用多个3GPP数据集分析它们从1982年到2018年的时间动态,包括植被的近红外辐射,FLUXCOMGP,和涡流协方差-光使用效率3GPP。我们发现3年和7年时间尺度主导了全球WA变异性(61.18%和11.95%),其次是17年和40年时间尺度(7.28%和8.23%)。长期趋势也影响了10.83%的地区,主要在潮湿地区。我们发现了具有不同来源产品的EWA-3GPP和RWA-3GPP的一致时空模式:在高纬度地区,随着时间尺度的增加,RWA-3GPP从负变为正,而相反的情况发生在中低纬度地区。森林在所有时间尺度上的RWA-3GPP都很弱,灌木在长时间尺度上表现出负RWA-3GPP,草地(GL)在短时间尺度上显示出正RWA-3GPP。全球范围内,EWA-3GPP,无论是正面还是负面,在3-显著增强,7-,和17年的时间尺度。对于干旱和潮湿地区,半干旱和半湿润地区的EWA-3GPP正增长较快,而潮湿地区的负EWA-3GPP增加更快。在生态系统类型中,在GL中,3年时间尺度上的正EWA-3GPP增长更快,落叶阔叶林,和稀树草原(SA),而在常绿针叶林中,其他时间尺度的负EWA-3GPP增加更快,木质稀树草原,SA。我们的研究揭示了在多个时间尺度上复杂而动态的EWA-3GPP,为理解陆地生态系统对气候变化的响应提供了新的视角。
Water availability (WA) is a key factor influencing the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems under climate warming, but its effects on gross primary production (EWA-GPP ) at multiple time scales are poorly understood. We used ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and partial correlation analysis to assess the WA-GPP relationship (RWA-GPP ) at different time scales, and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to analyze their temporal dynamics from 1982 to 2018 with multiple GPP datasets, including near-infrared radiance of vegetation GPP, FLUXCOM GPP, and eddy covariance-light-use efficiency GPP. We found that the 3- and 7-year time scales dominated global WA variability (61.18% and 11.95%), followed by the 17- and 40-year time scales (7.28% and 8.23%). The long-term trend also influenced 10.83% of the regions, mainly in humid areas. We found consistent spatiotemporal patterns of the EWA-GPP and RWA-GPP with different source products: In high-latitude regions, RWA-GPP changed from negative to positive as the time scale increased, while the opposite occurred in mid-low latitudes. Forests had weak RWA-GPP at all time scales, shrublands showed negative RWA-GPP at long time scales, and grassland (GL) showed a positive RWA-GPP at short time scales. Globally, the EWA-GPP , whether positive or negative, enhanced significantly at 3-, 7-, and 17-year time scales. For arid and humid zones, the semi-arid and sub-humid zones experienced a faster increase in the positive EWA-GPP , whereas the humid zones experienced a faster increase in the negative EWA-GPP . At the ecosystem types, the positive EWA-GPP at a 3-year time scale increased faster in GL, deciduous broadleaf forest, and savanna (SA), whereas the negative EWA-GPP at other time scales increased faster in evergreen needleleaf forest, woody savannas, and SA. Our study reveals the complex and dynamic EWA-GPP at multiple time scales, which provides a new perspective for understanding the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change.