背景:情绪韵律是幸福等情绪类型的反映,悲伤,恐惧和愤怒在说话者的语气。准确感知,解释和表达情感韵律是成功的沟通和社会互动不可分割的一部分。关于情绪韵律的研究很少,这对沟通至关重要,这些研究的结果在年龄和性别方面的信息不一致。
目的:本研究的主要目的是评估健康衰老过程中情绪韵律的感知。另一个目的是检查变量的影响,如年龄,性别,语言和神经认知能力对情绪韵律识别能力的预测。
方法:69名年龄在18-75岁之间的参与者被纳入研究。参与者被分组为18-35岁的年轻组(n=26),36-55岁的中年组(n=24)和56-75岁的老年组(n=19)。感知情绪韵律测试,电机响应时间测试,和神经心理学测试电池给参与者。参与者被要求识别计算机上播放的句子中的情绪。自然(中性,既不包含积极情绪也不包含消极情绪),快乐,生气,用由伪词刺激组成的句子评估惊讶和恐慌情绪。
结果:观察到老年组在识别愤怒方面表现较差,恐慌,自然和快乐的情绪和完全认可,在识别所有情绪时给出正确的识别性能。在识别惊讶情绪方面没有年龄相关的差异。这些女人更成功地认识到愤怒,恐慌,与男人相比,快乐和全面的情绪。在情绪反应时间回归模型中,年龄和运动反应时间测试得分被发现是重要的预测因子。年龄,语言,注意和性别变量被发现有显著影响的回归模型创建的成功的整体识别情绪(p<0.05)。
结论:这是一项新颖的研究,通过消除与情绪韵律相关的词汇语义线索,并将情绪韵律结果与神经精神病学测试相关联,来评估老年人的情绪韵律。我们所有的发现都揭示了年龄对情绪韵律感知的重要性。此外,认知功能的影响,如注意力,随着年龄的增长,被发现很重要。因此,不应忘记,许多因素有助于正确识别情感韵律的成功。在这种情况下,临床医生在评估老年人对情绪韵律的感知时,应考虑认知健康和教育等变量。
结论:关于该主题的已知内容大多数研究比较了年轻人和老年人组,这些研究通过使用通过观察语音形成的句子来评估情绪韵律的感知,音节,语言词汇中的单词和语法规则。据报道,情绪韵律的感知较低,主要在老年群体中,但是年龄和性别方面的信息不一致。本文通过实验设计对现有知识的感知韵律识别进行了评估,在实验设计中,将由词素组成的句子结构用作刺激,并包括神经认知测试。考虑到语言的语音和句法规则。这项研究是一项新颖的研究,在诊断情绪韵律方面,比较不同年龄组和确定影响多维情绪韵律的因素,包括神经精神特征.这项工作的临床意义是什么?我们所有的发现都揭示了年龄对情绪韵律感知的重要性。此外,已经确定,随着年龄的增长,诸如注意力之类的认知功能的影响很重要。
BACKGROUND: Emotional prosody is the reflection of emotion types such as happiness, sadness, fear and anger in the speaker\'s tone of voice. Accurately perceiving, interpreting and expressing emotional prosody is an inseparable part of successful communication and social interaction. There are few studies on emotional prosody, which is crucial for communication, and the results of these studies have inconsistent information regarding age and gender.
OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study is to assess the perception of emotional prosody in healthy ageing. The other aim is to examine the effects of variables such as age, gender, language and neurocognitive capacity on the prediction of emotional prosody recognition skills.
METHODS: Sixty-nine participants between the ages of 18-75 were included in the study. Participants were grouped as the young group aged 18-35 (n = 26), the middle-aged group aged 36-55 (n = 24) and the elderly group aged 56-75 (n = 19). Perceptual emotional prosody test, motor response time test, and neuropsychological test batteries were administered to the participants. Participants were asked to recognise the emotion in the sentences played on the computer. Natural (neutral, containing neither positive nor negative emotion), happy, angry, surprised and panic emotions were evaluated with sentences composed of pseudoword stimuli.
RESULTS: It was observed that the elderly group performed worse in recognising angry, panic, natural and happy emotions and in total recognition, which gives the correct recognition performance in recognition of all emotions. There was no age-related difference in recognition of the emotion of surprise. The women were more successful in recognising angry, panic, happy and total emotions compared to men. Age and Motor Reaction Time Test scores were found to be significant predictors in the emotional response time regression model. Age, language, attention and gender variables were found to have a significant effect on the regression model created for the success of total recognition of emotions (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: This was a novel study in which emotional prosody was assessed in the elderly by eliminating lexical-semantic cues related to emotional prosody and associating emotional prosody results with neuropsychiatric tests. All our findings revealed the importance of age for the perception of emotional prosody. In addition, the effects of cognitive functions such as attention, which decline with age, were found to be important. Therefore, it should not be forgotten that many factors contribute to the success of recognising emotional prosody correctly. In this context, clinicians should consider variables such as cognitive health and education when assessing the perception of emotional prosody in elderly individuals.
CONCLUSIONS: What is already known on the subject Most of the studies compare young and old groups, and these studies evaluate the perception of emotional prosody by using sentences formed by observing the speech sounds, syllables, words and grammar rules in the vocabulary of the language. It has been reported that the perception of emotional prosody is lower, mostly in the elderly group, but there is inconsistent information in terms of age and gender. What this paper adds to existing knowledge Perceptual Prosody Recognition was evaluated with an experimental design in which sentence structures consisting of lexemes were used as stimuli and neurocognitive tests were included, taking into account the phonological and syntactic rules of language. This study was a novel study in diagnosing emotional prosody in terms of comparing different age groups and determining the factors affecting multidimensional emotional prosody, including neuropsychiatric features. What are the clinical implications of this work? All our findings revealed the importance of age for the perception of emotional prosody. In addition, it was determined that the effects of cognitive functions such as attention were important with age.