已知电子烟在2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)之前会导致各种不良健康结果,但是在COVID-19的影响之后,有证据表明,在某些情况下,关于电子烟使用者(vapers)中COVID-19的严重程度,并不像预期的那样。对现有证据进行了荟萃分析,以全面发现COVID-19对现有或过去的电子烟使用者(vapers)的影响。使用流行病学观察性研究(MOOSE)指南的荟萃分析进行此荟萃分析。在PubMed中搜索了描述2019年12月1日至2023年12月COVID-19阳性后结果的观察性研究。医学主题词(MeSH)关键词用于搜索强调COVID-19与电子烟使用者之间关系的相关研究。汇总患病率的计算,95%置信区间(95%CI),当前电子烟用户和vapers的重量,和结果(事件)。为了分析数据,使用了ReviewManagerV.5.4。I²统计量用于评估统计异质性。>50%的I²统计量被认为是显著的异质性。“留一法”用于敏感性分析。在3231项研究中,四项研究报告了关于蒸发和非蒸发状态和复合结果的数据,导致653例COVID-19阳性病例的样本量。COVID-19阳性的合并患病率,有症状,或访问急诊室的比例为7.78%(653/8392)。与不吸烟者相比,目前处于电子烟状态的COVID-19患者的不良预后几率降低,合并比值比(OR)为0.09(95%CI0.00-2.42;p>0.05),研究之间存在异质性(I²=99%,p=0.15)。由于与数据收集相关的困难和其他因素,这项荟萃分析无法最终确定电子烟使用与住院等严重COVID-19结局之间的相关性,入住重症监护室,和死亡。使用更详细数据的额外研究对于充分理解这种相关性是必要的。
E-cigarettes have been known to cause varied poor health outcomes prior to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but after the impact of COVID-19, evidence came out that was, in some instances, not as expected regarding the severity of COVID-19 among e-cigarette users (vapers). A meta-analysis was performed on the available evidence to comprehensively find the effect of COVID-19 on existing or past e-cigarette users (vapers). The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were used to perform this meta-analysis. PubMed was searched for observational studies that described outcomes after COVID-19 positivity from December 1, 2019, to December 2023. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords were used for searching the relevant studies highlighting the relationship between COVID-19 and e-cigarette users. Calculations for pooled prevalence, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), weights for current e-cigarette users and vapers, and outcomes (events) were made. To analyze the data, Review Manager V.5.4 was used. The I² statistic was used to assess statistical heterogeneity. The I² statistic of >50% was considered significant heterogeneity. The \"leave-one-out\" method was used for sensitivity analysis. Out of 3231 studies, four studies reported data on vaping and non-vaping status and composite outcomes, resulting in a sample size of 653 COVID-19-positive cases. The pooled prevalence of being COVID-19 positive, having symptoms, or visiting an emergency room was 7.78% (653/8392). COVID-19 patients with current vaping status had decreased odds of poor outcomes compared to non-smokers, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 0.09 (95% CI 0.00-2.42; p>0.05) with heterogeneity between studies (I²=99%, p=0.15). Because of difficulties related to data collection and other factors, this meta-analysis was unable to conclusively establish the correlation between e-cigarette usage and severe COVID-19 outcomes such as hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit, and fatality. Additional research using more detailed data is necessary to fully understand this correlation.