Ectopic teeth are an eruption disorder in which teeth are located in anatomical structures where, physiologically, they should not occur. An ectopic tooth is a very rare phenomenon, affecting approximately 0.5% of the canine population, and few descriptions of the treatment of such teeth in dogs can be found in the available literature. This article describes the diagnostic and therapeutic handling of cavities following extraction of ectopic teeth in nine dogs. The cases are subdivided into uncomplicated (when the ectopic tooth was encapsulated in the surrounding connective tissue, without lysis of the bone around the tooth) and complicated (in which, in addition to the presence of the ectopic tooth, a dentigerous cyst had formed). Four cases of complicated ectopic teeth are described in more detail. In this study, special attention was paid not only to the technique of tooth extraction itself but also to the method of securing and healing large bone defects after the extraction using hydroxyapatite curdlan polymer. Owing to the plastic properties of the bone substitute preparation, it was possible to implant the material without enlarging the bone defect created during the tooth extraction. Control radiographs showed features of bone regeneration, and clinical examination at both the early and late stages revealed no postoperative complications.

Ectopic teeth, growing in abnormal locations like the maxillary sinus, are rare occurrences, with uncertain causes including trauma, infection, and developmental abnormalities. They often appear in the second or third decade of life, sometimes without symptoms. They are often missed as symptoms can mimic chronic sinusitis but may include sinonasal issues like obstruction and facial pain. Complications ranging from recurrence to potential blindness or carcinoma have been reported. Diagnosis involves radiographic imaging, with CT scans providing precise localization. Following accurate diagnosis, treatment typically involves surgical removal, with endoscopic procedures gaining popularity due to reduced risks. Follow-up for asymptomatic cases can be conducted through periodic radiographs. We report a case of maxillary ectopic tooth as an incidental finding in an asymptomatic patient presenting to the emergency department with head trauma.

The removal of an ectopic molar tooth at the pterygomaxillary junction may be challenging. This paper presents the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing of the paranasal sinus for careful planning in a way that reduces the risk and makes surgical procedures more effective. A 26-year-old gentleman presented to the ENT department with a left antrochoanal polyp and an incidental ectopic tooth at the pterygomaxillary junction. Pre-operative 3D reconstruction of the maxillary cavity and subsequent 3D printing were used to guide the surgery and counsel the patient on potential outcomes. Left anterior functional endoscopic sinus surgery was subsequently done, and the antrochoanal polyp was completely removed. The preoperative computed tomography scan allowed for the production of the printed model to the exact size and dimensions of the ectopic molar tooth to facilitate the planning of the surgery and to aid in consenting the patient for the treatment.

UNASSIGNED: Ectopic teeth arise from developmental abnormalities, pathological conditions or iatrogenic factors. They can be supernumerary, deciduous or permanent and cause dental and facial pain, swelling and infection. Limited cases reveal limited knowledge about causes, symptoms, treatment options and surgical procedures. A thorough evaluation, including radiographic imaging and clinical examination, aids diagnosis and treatment planning.
UNASSIGNED: A 54-year-old female patient complains of tooth mobility in the upper right back tooth region for one month and occasional pain in the right pre-auricular region.
UNASSIGNED: Chronic generalised periodontitis with an impacted tooth in the right condylar region.
UNASSIGNED: Extraction of Grade III mobile 17 and conservative treatment for ectopic molar in the condylar region.
UNASSIGNED: The patient is on regular follow-up with no similar complaints.
UNASSIGNED: A personalised approach is crucial in managing ectopic mandibular third molars and should take into account the patient\'s symptoms, preferences and potential complications. Successful treatment requires informed decision-making and thorough evaluation.

The presence of sinonasal ectopic teeth is a rare entity that is usually asymptomatic. In some cases, the presence of foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus, such as ectopic teeth, can lead to chronic maxillary sinusitis. We report a case of chronic sinusitis because of an ectopic tooth in the roof of the left maxillary sinus in a 50-year-old female who presented with complaints of facial pain in the left maxillary region and purulent nasal discharge. The treatment of ectopic teeth usually consists of the removal of the previous, taking into account its location and possible risks. In this case, the close proximity to the orbit could have led to a greater risk of complications involving the infraorbital bundle. CT scan evaluation is frequently required to identify the exact location and is useful for treatment planning. The traditional surgical approaches to maxillary sinus pathology are transoral Caldwell-Luc approaches or transnasal endoscopic surgery. The method used in this case was the Caldwell-Luc approach. Although more invasive, it allows visualization into the maxillary sinus and superior access for instrumentation of the posterolateral region while permitting manipulation and removal of larger objects. Despite maxillary sinus ectopic teeth being uncommon, it is important for clinicians to become aware and to consider this entity to provide early adequate treatment.

Ectopic tooth in nondentate areas is uncommon. Odontogenic keratocyst arising from impacted tooth in the inferior border of orbit is very rare. This article reports the case of a 22-year-old female with odontogenic keratocyst arising from an impacted left maxillary third molar in the inferior border of the orbit causing symptoms of chronic sinusitis. The patient also had myasthenia gravis which confounded the diagnosis. The cyst was surgically enucleated along with the tooth which relieved the symptoms of the patient.

Ectopic tooth in maxillary sinus is a rare entity. There are many causes of this condition include developmental disturbance, pathological process, iatrogenic, and in some cases there is no identified cause. The ectopic tooth could be asymptomatic or presented with various symptoms depends on its location. A 19-years-old woman presented with left-sided facial pain and slight swelling at the site of the upper 3rd molar tooth for three months. She gave a history of mid-facial trauma with an operation in this area, 11 years ago. Orthopantography and computerized tomography confirm the diagnosis of ectopic tooth within the maxillary sinus. The tooth was removed by Caldwell-Luc procedure. The patient was remained free of the presenting symptoms at three months follow-up. Reporting any case of an ectopic tooth deserves the ability to know the various aspects of this condition. We reported a further case of ectopic 3rd molar tooth in the left maxillary sinus, most probably, due to previous mid-facial trauma or the surgery in this area.

Teeth in non-dentate areas including the intra-sinus and intranasal teeth are rarely encountered in clinical practice. Although the majority of patients remain asymptomatic, the usual presenting complaints are nasal obstruction, epistaxis, hyposmia and headache. In this article, we present a case of an intranasal tooth in a 15-year-old female who presented with complaints of hyposmia and nasal obstruction. Computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity showed a tooth-like structure in the left inferior nasal cavity extending from the hard palate. The mainstay of treatment is the surgical removal of the ectopic tooth under anaesthesia. Even in asymptomatic patients, surgical removal of the nasal tooth is advised to prevent complications. Along with a clinician\'s understanding of the condition, imaging aids in the diagnosis of an ectopic tooth. Imaging, particularly with CT, also helps plan the surgical approach to treatment.

Ectopic teeth in the nasal cavity are a rare phenomenon. They are often associated with a variety of symptoms and future complications, ranging from nasal crusting and obstruction to chronic infections. In most reported cases, their removal is recommended. Here, we report a case of an ectopic intranasal tooth in a symptomatic adult. The tooth was removed endoscopically with good results.

BACKGROUND: Impacted canines may pose a functional and an esthetic problem for patients and can affect neighboring incisors. The aim of the study was to compare different treatment methods and their outcomes for impacted maxillary and mandibular canines.
METHODS: The authors included 102 patients with 118 impacted canines (82 maxillary and 36 mandibular canines). Impacted canine were confirmed during clinical and radiologic examinations. Eighty-five patients (83%) with 97 impacted canines started the treatment. The authors analyzed treatment types and outcomes. Two maxillary and 4 mandibular canines were scheduled for extraction.
RESULTS: Orthodontic extrusion was used most frequently to treat impacted maxillary canines (89%), whereas orthodontic extrusion and transalveolar transplantation were performed most frequently in impacted mandibular canines (33% and 37.5%, respectively). The treatment was successful in 96% of the maxillary and 95% of the impacted mandibular canines.
CONCLUSIONS: Different methods were used for impacted maxillary and mandibular canines, but their overall success rate was high.
CONCLUSIONS: Successful outcome is determined via a well-planned and carefully executed orthodontic and surgical treatment. Early diagnosis is pivotal in facilitating spontaneous canine eruption and implementing transalveolar transplantation in a timely way.