在本文中,对干燥时间(Y1)的影响,色差(Y2),单位能耗(Y3),多糖含量(Y4),补液率(Y5),在不同干燥温度(50-70°C)下研究了山药切片的尿囊素含量(Y6),切片厚度(2-10毫米),和辐射距离(80-160毫米)。通过应用基于响应面法(RMS)的BP神经网络狼算法(GWO)模型确定了最佳干燥条件。干燥条件对上述指标均有显著影响(p<0.05)。随着温度的升高,切片厚度和辐射距离的减小,山药切片的干燥速率和有效水扩散系数加快。选择较低的温度和切片厚度有助于减少能耗和色差。多糖含量随干燥温度先升高后降低,切片厚度,和辐射距离,它在60°C时最高,6mm,和120毫米。在60°C时,较低的切片厚度和辐射距离有利于尿囊素含量的保留。在给定的约束条件下(干燥时间最小化,单位能耗,色差,和最大的补液率,多糖含量,和尿囊素含量),发现BP-GWO具有比RMS更高的测定系数(R2=0.9919至0.9983)和更低的RMSE(降低了61.34%至80.03%)。对BP-GWO进行了多目标优化,得到了最佳干燥条件,如下:温度63.57°C,切片厚度4.27mm,辐射距离91.39mm,对应于最优指数,如下:Y1=133.71分钟,Y2=7.26,Y3=8.54kJ·h·kg-1,Y4=20.73mg/g,Y5=2.84kg/kg,Y6=3.69μg/g。在预测结果的实验验证中,实际值与预测值的相对误差小于5%,证明该模型的可靠性,为其他材料在干燥工艺过程中的研究提供参考。
In this paper, the effects on drying time (Y1), the color difference (Y2), unit energy consumption (Y3), polysaccharide content (Y4), rehydration ratio (Y5), and allantoin content (Y6) of yam slices were investigated under different drying temperatures (50-70 °C), slice thicknesses (2-10 mm), and radiation distances (80-160 mm). The optimal drying conditions were determined by applying the BP neural network wolf algorithm (GWO) model based on response surface methodology (RMS). All the above indices were significantly affected by drying conditions (p < 0.05). The drying rate and effective water diffusion coefficient of yam slices accelerated with increasing temperature and decreasing slice thickness and radiation distance. The selection of lower temperature and slice thickness helped reduce the energy consumption and color difference. The polysaccharide content increased and then decreased with drying temperature, slice thickness, and radiation distance, and it was highest at 60 °C, 6 mm, and 120 mm. At 60 °C, lower slice thickness and radiation distance favored the retention of allantoin content. Under the given constraints (minimization of drying time, unit energy consumption, color difference, and maximization of rehydration ratio, polysaccharide content, and allantoin content), BP-GWO was found to have higher coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.9919 to 0.9983) and lower RMSEs (reduced by 61.34% to 80.03%) than RMS. Multi-objective optimization of BP-GWO was carried out to obtain the optimal drying conditions, as follows: temperature 63.57 °C, slice thickness 4.27 mm, radiation distance 91.39 mm, corresponding to the optimal indices, as follows: Y1 = 133.71 min, Y2 = 7.26, Y3 = 8.54 kJ·h·kg-1, Y4 = 20.73 mg/g, Y5 = 2.84 kg/kg, and Y6 = 3.69 μg/g. In the experimental verification of the prediction results, the relative error between the actual and predicted values was less than 5%, proving the model\'s reliability for other materials in the drying technology process research to provide a reference.