目的:正义资本提供了一个理论框架,用于解释在公正世界(BJW)中信仰的个体差异。然而,这一框架尚未得到经验验证。
方法:使用欧洲社会调查第9轮,一个大的(n=43,209)多国(N=29)样本,我进行了多级潜在轮廓分析和多级多项逻辑回归,以确定在人口水平上出现的潜在轮廓,并绘制了这些轮廓的人口统计学和经验协变量。
结果:纳入一般BJW的措施,分配正义和程序正义,以及对机会平等的信念,我发现了三个潜在的特征:精英,温和派,和平等主义者。与平等主义者相比,精英(坚定的正义世界信徒)更有可能是男性;年轻;有更高的收入;受过更多年的教育;在政治上保守;最近没有歧视或犯罪的经验。在人类发展指数较高的国家,精英阶层的人数过多。
结论:这项研究证明了正义资本对于理解一般BJW和相关正义信念的个体差异的可行性;讨论集中在反常发现和该理论框架的扩展上。
OBJECTIVE: Justice Capital provides a theoretical framework for explaining individual differences in the belief in a just world (BJW). However, this framework has yet to receive empirical validation.
METHODS: Using Round 9 of the European Social Survey, a large (n = 43,209) multi-country (N = 29) sample, I conduct multilevel latent profile analysis and multilevel multinomial logistic regression to determine the latent profiles that emerge at a population level and map the demographic and experiential covariates of these profiles.
RESULTS: Incorporating measures of general BJW, distributive and procedural justice, and the belief in equality of opportunity, I find three latent profiles: meritocrats, moderates, and egalitarians. Compared with egalitarians, meritocrats (strong just world believers) are more likely to be male; younger; have a higher income; have attained more years of education; to be politically conservative; and have no recent experience of discrimination or crime. Meritocrats were overrepresented in countries with a higher Human Development Index.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the feasibility of Justice Capital for understanding individual variation in general BJW and related justice beliefs; discussion centers on anomalous findings and extension of this theoretical framework.