目的:脚跟骨折需要大量的手术切口,并且使用传统的撬动方法成功复位具有挑战性。这项研究的目的是评估使用Kirschner针引导牵张器治疗“外”位缩短跟骨内翻骨折的临床有效性。
方法:回顾了2018年1月至2020年3月37例跟骨内翻缩短骨折患者的40例数据。术前进行侧位和轴位X线及3DCT检查以评估骨折类型,微创内固定是在“外”位置进行的,采用牵引器重新定位,术中和术后图像用于评估骨折复位和固定。在后续期间,使用VAS评分评估术后功能恢复状态,AOFAS评分,和FAOS得分。所有数据比较均采用配对样本t检验。
结果:所有病例的平均随访时间为28.49±3.25个月,平均骨折愈合时间为7.84±0.71周。术后图像显示骨折复位固定良好,跟骨高度,长度,宽度,和反转角明显改善。在最后的后续行动中,跟骨高度,长度,宽度从39.35±4.44mm恢复,79.35±2.7mm,术前45.75±2.87mm至50.93±3.18mm,82.23±1.90mm,术后39.67±1.58mm(p<0.001;p<0.001;p<0.001)。跟骨倒置角由7.73°±2.26°恢复到3.80°±1.80°(p<0.001)。Böhler角和Gissane角从13.13°±3.02°和105.15°±8.94°提高到27.95°±3.41°和122.85°±5.54°(p<0.001;p<0.001)。没有未愈合的骨折,骨髓炎,或观察到创伤性关节炎。
结论:微创内固定术结合“外入”位置的牵张器复位治疗跟骨内翻缩短骨折,在恢复解剖和保护软组织的同时有效。
OBJECTIVE: Heel fractures need extensive surgical incisions and are challenging to successfully reposition using traditional prying. The goal of this study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of using a Kirschner pin-guided
distractor to treat inversion shortening calcaneal fractures in the \"out-in\" position.
METHODS: A total of 40 data from 37 patients with inversion shortened calcaneal fractures from January 2018 to March 2020 were reviewed. Preoperative lateral and axial X-rays and 3D CT were taken to assess the fracture type, and minimally invasive internal fixation was performed in the \"out-in\" position with
distractor repositioning, and intraoperative and postoperative images were taken to assess fracture repositioning and fixation. During the follow-up period, the postoperative functional recovery status was assessed using the VAS score, AOFAS score, and FAOS score. Paired-samples t-test was used for all data comparisons.
RESULTS: All cases received a mean follow-up of 28.49 ± 3.25 months, and the mean fracture healing time was 7.84 ± 0.71 weeks. The postoperative images showed well-fixed fracture repositioning, and calcaneal height, length, width, and inversion angles were significantly improved. At the final follow-up, the calcaneal height, length, and width recovered from 39.35 ± 4.44mm, 79.35 ± 2.7mm, and 45.75 ± 2.87mm preoperatively to 50.93 ± 3.18mm, 82.23 ± 1.90mm, and 39.67 ± 1.58mm postoperatively (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001). The calcaneus inversion angle restored from 7.73° ± 2.26° to 3.80° ± 1.80° (p < 0.001). Böhler\'s angle and Gissane\'s angle improved from 13.13° ± 3.02° and 105.15° ± 8.94° to 27.95° ± 3.41° and 122.85° ± 5.54° (p < 0.001; p < 0.001). No non-healing fractures, osteomyelitis, or traumatic arthritis were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive internal fixation with
distractor repositioning in the \"out-in\" position is effective in the treatment of inversion shortening calcaneal fractures while restoring the anatomy and protecting the soft tissue.