背景:作为认知功能的重要因素,饮食习惯和金属接触是相互作用的。然而,较少研究探讨了它们对老年人认知功能障碍的交互作用.
方法:罗湖区51个社区卫生服务中心2,445名60-85岁的户籍公民,深圳,本研究基于中国老年人群招募。所有受试者均接受体格检查和迷你认知评估量表。使用半定量食物频率问卷来获取他们的食物摄入频率,并测量了他们尿液中的21种金属浓度。
结果:弹性网络回归模型,机器学习技术,确定了与老年人认知功能障碍显著相关的6个变量.这些变量包括教育水平,性别,尿砷(As)和镉(Cd)的浓度,以及每月摄入鸡蛋和豆制品的频率。在调整了多个因素后,As和Cd浓度与老年人轻度认知障碍(MCI)风险增加呈正相关,OR值为1.19(95%CI:1.05-1.42)和1.32(95%CI:1.01-1.74),分别。此外,鸡蛋摄入频率高(≥30次/月)和豆制品摄入频率高(≥8次/月)的老年人比低蛋白鸡蛋摄入频率低(<30次/月)和豆制品摄入频率低(<8次/月)的老年人患MCI的风险降低,分别。此外,在砷暴露和蛋制品摄入之间观察到添加剂相互作用,以及豆制品。Cd暴露还显示了与鸡蛋和豆制品摄入量的添加剂相互作用。
结论:鸡蛋和豆制品的消费,以及重金属Cd和As的暴露水平,已被证明对老年人群的认知障碍有重大影响。
BACKGROUND: As the important factors in cognitive function, dietary habits and metal exposures are interactive with each other. However, fewer studies have investigated the interaction effect of them on cognitive dysfunction in older adults.
METHODS: 2,445 registered citizens aged 60-85 years from 51 community health centers in Luohu District, Shenzhen, were recruited in this study based on the Chinese older adult cohort. All subjects underwent physical examination and Mini-cognitive assessment scale. A semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain their food intake frequency, and 21 metal concentrations in their urine were measured.
RESULTS: Elastic-net regression model, a machine learning technique, identified six variables that were significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction in older adults. These variables included education level, gender, urinary concentration of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd), and the frequency of monthly intake of egg and bean products. After adjusting for multiple factors, As and Cd concentrations were positively associated with increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the older people, with OR values of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.05-1.42) and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.01-1.74), respectively. In addition, older adults with high frequency of egg intake (≥30 times/month) and bean products intake (≥8 times/month) had a reduced risk of MCI than those with low protein egg intake (<30 times/month) and low bean products intake (<8 times/month), respectively. Furthermore, additive interaction were observed between the As exposure and egg products intake, as well as bean products. Cd exposure also showed additive interactions with egg and bean products intake.
CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of eggs and bean products, as well as the levels of exposure to the heavy metals Cd and As, have been shown to have a substantial influence on cognitive impairment in the elderly population.