研究亮点:塞博德,S、Weisser,W、Ambarli,D.,戈斯纳,M.M.,Mori,A.,Cadotte,M、Hagge,J.,Bässler,C.&Thorn,S、(2022年)。分解木材的甲虫群落演替过程中群落聚集变化的驱动因素。动物生态学杂志,https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13843。演替模式及其驱动因素在很大程度上是从依赖活植物的系统发展而来的。陆地生物多样性和生物量的很大一部分存在于依赖于死亡有机物的碎屑系统中,然而,碎屑系统的演替模式受到的关注要少得多。特别是,枯木极大地促进了森林生态系统的养分循环和储存,并代表了一个相对长寿命的碎屑系统,可以在其中研究演替模式。Seibold等人。在一项大规模实验中,研究了长达8年的枯木甲虫群落的演替模式,该实验包括德国三个地区30个林分中13种不同树种的379根原木。他们预测,枯木甲虫群落最初会在枯木树种之间有所不同,跨越空间,并且具有气候差异,但随着时间的流逝,随着枯木的分解和剩余栖息地的特征变得更加均匀,它们将变得更加相似。然而,Seibold等人。预测,如果晚期演替物种比早期演替物种的传播者更弱,则甲虫群落将随着枯木演替而在空间上变得越来越不同。令人惊讶的是,与预测相反,随着时间的推移,甲虫群落变得更加不同。但是,正如预测的那样,树种之间的系统发育距离增加导致越来越不同的枯木甲虫群落。最后,跨空间的差异,森林结构和气候导致了不同的枯木甲虫群落,但是这些影响随着时间的推移保持不变。这些结果表明,枯木演替受确定性和随机过程的影响,并且在演替后期,随机过程可能越来越重要。Seibold等人。揭示了枯木中碎屑演替模式的重要驱动因素,这表明可以通过在树木物种和结构多样的森林的大系统发育多样性中保持枯木腐烂阶段的多样性来促进枯木甲虫的生物多样性。未来的研究测试驱动这些模式的机制,以及这些结果是否适用于其他腐生生物,将有助于为森林保护和管理策略提供信息。
Research Highlight: Seibold, S., Weisser, W., Ambarli, D., Gossner, M. M., Mori, A., Cadotte, M., Hagge, J., Bässler, C. & Thorn, S. (2022). Drivers of community assembly change during succession in wood-decomposing beetle communities. Journal of Animal Ecology, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13843. Paradigms of succession and its drivers have largely developed from systems relying on living plants. A substantial portion of terrestrial biodiversity and biomass exists in detrital systems that rely on dead organic matter, yet successional patterns in detrital systems have received far less attention. In particular, deadwood significantly contributes to forest ecosystem nutrient cycling and storage and represents a relatively long-lived detrital system in which to study patterns of succession. Seibold et al. examined successional patterns of deadwood beetle communities over 8 years in a large-scale experiment that included 379 logs from 13 different tree species in 30 forest stands in three regions of Germany. They predicted that deadwood beetle communities would initially differ among deadwood tree species, across space, and with climatic differences but would become more similar over time as deadwood decomposed and characteristics of remaining habitat become more homogeneous. However, Seibold et al. predicted that beetle communities would become increasingly different across space along deadwood succession if late successional species were weaker dispersers than early successional species. Surprisingly, beetle communities became more dissimilar over time contrary to predictions. But, as predicted, increasing phylogenetic distance among tree species led to increasingly dissimilar deadwood beetle communities. Lastly, differences across space, forest structure and climate led to different deadwood beetle communities, but these effects remained constant over time. These results suggest that deadwood succession is influenced by both
deterministic and stochastic processes and that stochastic processes may be increasingly important in late successional stages. Seibold et al. reveal important drivers of detrital successional patterns in deadwood that indicate that deadwood beetle biodiversity can be promoted via maintaining a diversity of deadwood decay stages across a large phylogenetic diversity of trees species and structurally diverse forests. Future studies that test the mechanisms driving these patterns and whether these results hold for other saproxylic organisms will help inform forest conservation and management strategies.