背景:COVID-19大流行影响了美国人的一些饮食习惯。
目的:我们研究了美国成年人在COVID-19大流行期间与高摄入甜食和含糖饮料(SSB)相关的特征。
方法:这是一项横断面研究。
方法:SummerStyles调查数据于2021年收集了4034名美国成年人(≥18岁)。
方法:测量食用各种甜食(巧克力/糖果,甜甜圈/甜面包卷/丹麦/松饼/流行馅饼,饼干/蛋糕/馅饼/布朗尼,和冰淇淋/冷冻甜点)和SSB(常规苏打水,甜咖啡/茶饮料水果饮料,运动饮料,和能量饮料)在COVID-19大流行期间。反应分为0、>0至<1、1至<2和≥2次/天。描述性变量是社会人口统计学,粮食不安全,体重状态,大都市地位,人口普查地区,在COVID-19大流行期间,饮食习惯发生了变化。
方法:多项回归用于估计在控制特征后成为甜食和SSB的高消费者的调整后优势比(AOR)。
结果:在2021年,有15%的成年人报告每天食用甜食≥2次,30%报告饮用SSB≥2次/天。与高甜食摄入量(≥2次/天)的可能性较大显着相关的因素是家庭收入较低(AOR=1.53,<35,000美元与≥$100,000),经常/有时经历粮食不安全(AOR=1.41vs.never),自大流行开始以来,吃的甜食比平时多(AOR=2.47vs.和往常一样)。与高SSB摄入量(≥2次/天)的几率较大显着相关的因素是男性(AOR=1.51),较低的教育程度(≤高中时AOR=1.98;某些大学与AOR=1.33大学毕业生),目前有孩子(AOR=1.65),生活在非大都市地区(AOR=1.34),自大流行开始以来,喝的SSB比平时多(AOR=2.23vs.和往常一样)。年龄更小,黑人种族,COVID-19期间消费的减少与甜食和SSB摄入量降低有关。
结论:我们的发现,确定了甜食或SSB的高消费者,可用于告知努力减少消费者在大流行恢复期间添加糖的摄入量,并支持他们的健康。
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted some dietary habits of Americans.
OBJECTIVE: We examined characteristics associated with a high intake of sweet foods and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) during the COVID-19 pandemic among US adults.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study.
METHODS: The SummerStyles survey data were collected in 2021 among 4034 US adults (≥18 years).
METHODS: The frequencies were measured of consuming various sweet foods (chocolate/candy, doughnuts/sweet rolls/Danish/muffins/Pop-Tarts, cookies/cake/pie/brownies, and ice cream/frozen
desserts) and SSB (regular sodas, sweetened coffee/tea drinks fruit drinks, sports drinks, and energy drinks) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The responses were categorized into 0, >0 to <1, 1 to <2, and ≥2 times/day. The descriptive variables were sociodemographics, food insecurity, weight status, metropolitan status, census regions, and eating habit changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: Multinomial regressions were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for being a high consumer of sweet foods and SSB after controlling for characteristics.
RESULTS: During 2021, 15% of adults reported consuming sweet foods ≥2 times/day, and 30% reported drinking SSB ≥2 times/day. The factors that were significantly associated with greater odds of high sweet food intake (≥2 times/day) were lower household income (AOR = 1.53 for <$35,000 vs. ≥$100,000), often/sometimes experiencing food insecurity (AOR = 1.41 vs. never), and eating more sweet foods than usual since start of the pandemic (AOR = 2.47 vs. same as usual). The factors that were significantly associated with greater odds of high SSB intake (≥2 times/day) were males (AOR = 1.51), lower education (AOR = 1.98 for ≤high school; AOR = 1.33 for some college vs. college graduate), currently having children (AOR = 1.65), living in nonmetropolitan areas (AOR = 1.34), and drinking more SSB than usual since the pandemic began (AOR = 2.23 vs. same as usual). Younger age, Black race, and reductions in consumption during COVID-19 were related to lower sweet food and SSB intakes.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, which identified high consumers of sweet foods or SSB, can be used to inform efforts to reduce consumers\' added sugars intake during pandemic recovery and support their health.