BACKGROUND: Given the increasing number of people achieving exceptionally long lifespans, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of mental health in centenarians. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of mental health conditions-depressive symptoms, anxiety, sleep disturbances, disinhibition, and aberrant motor behaviour-among centenarians in Switzerland.
METHODS: Data were collected from N = 169 participants via telephone interviews or paper questionnaires, either directly from centenarians or through proxy informants. Half the data were collected during a period when protective measures were imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and half were collected after the measures were lifted.
RESULTS: Mental health conditions were prevalent in our sample, particularly depressive symptoms (44.51%) and anxiety (42.17%). Significant positive associations were found between depressive symptoms and anxiety, and between disinhibition and aberrant motor behaviour. Furthermore, we identified statistical predictors for the occurrence of mental health conditions. Notably, institutionalised living increased the odds of depressive symptomatology, while those with higher education levels or an absence of cognitive impairment experienced more sleep disturbances. Finally, cognitive impairment was linked to increased disinhibition and aberrant motor behaviour.
CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of mental health conditions underscores the need for proactive mental health care strategies in advanced old age. Moreover, it is vital to consider the interconnected nature of mental health conditions and to prioritise vulnerable groups, such as centenarians in institutional settings.

Objectives: Empirical inquiry has targeted how same-sex couples grapple with unique stressors in their romantic relationships. Meta-analyses demonstrate that the adverse link between minority stress and sexual and relationship well-being is contingent on the type of stressor and relationship component. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study examining a sample of 238 individuals currently in same-sex relationships. Results: Outness predicted relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and sexual dissatisfaction relative to other stressors, and depressive symptomatology mediated the minority stressors and relationship well-being associations. Conclusions: The current findings offer practical applications for practitioners working with sexual minority clients and researchers who continue to reveal the boundaries in the minority stress process.

Ketamine is a potential rapid-onset antidepressant characterized by sympathomimetic effects. However, the question of ketamine\'s use in treating adolescents\' major depressive disorder (MDD) is still discussed. Thus, we aimed to study the acute effect of ketamine infusion treatment on sympathetic regulation using electrodermal activity (EDA) in addition to an assessment of depressive symptomatology in MDD adolescents. Twenty hospitalized adolescent girls with MDD (average age: 15.0 ± 1.46 yrs.) were examined before and two hours after a single intravenous infusion of ketamine. EDA was continuously recorded for 6 min, and depressive symptoms were assessed before and two hours after ketamine administration. The evaluated parameters included skin conductance level (SCL), nonspecific electrodermal responses (NS-SCRs), MADRS (questions no. 1-10, total score), and CDI (items A-E, total score). EDA parameters showed no significant changes after the ketamine treatment, and depressive symptoms were significantly reduced after the ketamine infusion. The analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between index SCL and CDI-A, CDI-E, and the total CDI score and between index NS-SCRs and MADRS no. 4 before the ketamine treatment. In conclusion, ketamine improved depressive symptomatology without a significant effect on EDA, indicating its potential safety and efficiency as an acute antidepressant intervention in adolescent MDD.

Depression, suicidal behavior, excessive alcohol intake, and tobacco use are the main mental health problems in adolescents. To address these problems, it is necessary to understand the many factors associated with them, including parental factors. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between parental behavior and mental health problems in adolescents in Mexico. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2018-2019, representative for Mexico, were used. Households in which a parent-adolescent child pairing was identified (regardless of family type) were selected; n = 8758 households. The four outcomes of interest that were measured in the adolescents were: excessive alcohol intake, tobacco use, suicidal behavior, and depressive symptomatology. Logistic regression models using the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated. Adolescents whose parents used alcohol or tobacco and reported depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior were more likely to present these behaviors themselves (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.17-1.85; AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.51-3.39; AOR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.88-3.61; AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.16-2.61, respectively). Child sexual abuse was also strongly associated with the four outcomes of interest in adolescents (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.06-3.36 for excessive alcohol intake; AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.49-5.91 for tobacco use; AOR = 5.15, 95% CI: 3.27-8.09 for depressive symptoms; AOR = 6.71, 95% CI: 4.25-10.59 for suicidal behavior). The family constitutes the central nucleus of care for children and adolescents; therefore, any effort to promote adolescent mental health must necessarily involve their parents and family.

UNASSIGNED: While social disparities in depression are well-documented, the symptom experience across social positions remains less studied.
UNASSIGNED: This study examines the connections between depressive symptoms and self-recognizing a depressive episode, on the one hand, and clinical diagnosis, on the other hand, by three social position indicators.
UNASSIGNED: We analyzed baseline data from a population-based cohort of adults living in France, grouping participants by three indicators: education, financial difficulties, and occupation, and stratifying by sex. Utilizing a psychometric network approach, we estimated 24 networks. Nodes corresponded to the 20 CES-D items and 1 external variable, either \'Limitations due to depression\' or \'Clinical depression\'. Comparisons between socially disadvantaged and advantaged groups across the three social indicators were made in terms of network structures, global strength, and edge weights involving symptoms and both external nodes.
UNASSIGNED: The study included data from 201,952 participants. Individuals in lower social positions exhibited higher rates of depressive-related variables. Four depressive symptoms emerged as crucial, being linked both to \'Clinical depression\' and \'Limitations\' across all social positions. Socially disadvantaged groups had denser networks. Some of the tests comparing network structures according to social position were significant, suggesting differences in the symptom activation chains. Connections between each external node and \'Felt depressed\' and \'Could not get going\' were non-invariant in educational and financial-based networks.
UNASSIGNED: Findings highlight four depressive symptoms, likely to play a key role in the experience of depression across all social positions. Other insights from specific symptoms could be used for improving depression care among disadvantaged populations.

BACKGROUND: The experience of depressive manifestations and the presentation of symptoms in clinical settings may differ in men and women. Despite the extensive literature, it remains unclear how depressive manifestations interact at symptom levels in men and women. First, we aimed to describe and compare depressive networks by sex. Second, we examined symptom connections to Clinical depression and Functional Limitations as a proxy of self-recognition of a depressive episode.
METHODS: We estimated networks from the 20 CES-D items in men and women from a large population-based French cohort. We computed centrality measures and ran comparisons. Then, we re-estimated two networks in men and women separately, adding, on the one hand, Clinical Depression and, on the other hand, Limitations due to a depressive episode.
RESULTS: Over 200,000 participants were included in this study. Women were twice as likely to have a previous diagnosis of depression. Sex-ratio was less pronounced (1,7:1) for Limitations due to depression. Centrality measures revealed similar symptom patterns. However, network structures differed between men and women. We found some symptom connections to Clinical depression and Limitations to be non-invariant according to sex.
CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional data does not capture the direction of the connections between symptoms and an eventual diagnosis. We lacked data about the diagnosis\'s context and could not account for other factors influencing depressive symptomatology.
CONCLUSIONS: Network structures differed, suggesting gender-specific mechanisms in activating symptoms and depressive states. Addressing central symptoms evoking depressed moods with tailored interventions may serve to tackle depressive states in men and women.

UNASSIGNED: To analyze the validity of self and informant reports, depressive symptomatology, and some sociodemographic variables to predict the risk of cognitive decline at different follow-up times.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 337 participants over 50 years of age included in the CompAS and classified as Cognitively Unimpaired (CU), Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) groups were assessed at baseline and three follow-ups. A short version of the QAM was administered to assess the severity of subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs), and the GDS-15 was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms. At each follow-up assessment, participants were reclassified according to the stability, regression or progression of their conditions. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict which CU, SCD and MCI participants would remain stable, regress or progress at a 3rd follow-up by using self- and informant-reported complaints, depressive symptomatology, age and education at baseline and 2nd follow-ups as the predictive variables.
UNASSIGNED: Overall, self-reported complaints predicted progression between the asymptomatic and presymptomatic stages. As the objective deterioration increased, i.e., when SCD progressed to MCI or dementia, the SCCs reported by informants proved the best predictors of progression. Depressive symptomatology was also a predictor of progression from CU to SCD and from SCD to MCI.
UNASSIGNED: A late increase in self-reported complaints make valid estimates to predict subjective decline at asymptomatic stages. However, an early increase in complaints reported by informants was more accurate in predicting objective decline from asymptomatic stages. Both, early and late decrease in self-reported complaints successfully predict dementia from prodromic stage. Only late decrease in self-reported complaints predict reversion from prodromic and pre-symptomatic stages.

Background: This study aimed to document recovery trajectories among adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) based on three markers of remission, namely changes in body weight, food restriction, and excessive exercise, and to identify predictors of these trajectories. Methods: One hundred twenty-six adolescent girls (14.7 ± 1.3 years) were recruited during initial assessment visits at specialized eating disorder (ED) programs in five University Health Centers across the province of Quebec, Canada. z-BMI and AN symptom severity (food restriction and excessive exercise) were assessed at initial assessment visits and subsequently reassessed at each quarterly follow-up over a 12-month period to identify recovery trajectories. Results: Considering the three markers of remission, three distinct trajectories emerged: Group 1, rapid responders; Group 2, gradual responders; and Group 3, unstable responders. At initial visits, a difference between groups was found regarding the type of treatment (p = 0.01) and weight suppression (p = 0.02). Group 1 had a higher number of youths hospitalized than Group 2 and Group 3, and a greater weight suppression than Group 3. Furthermore, individuals with atypical AN were more likely to belong to Group 2 than to Group 1 and Group 3 (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: This study contributes to a better understanding of the heterogeneity of recovery trajectories in adolescent girls with AN.

Background: Effective interventions are required to address tobacco smoking in people with depressive symptomatology. In this context, contingency management could be one useful therapeutic strategy. Objectives: This study is a systematic review of tobacco cessation interventions for smokers with depressive symptomatology including a contingency management component, evaluating their efficacy with regards to tobacco abstinence, depressive symptomatology, adherence to treatment and other variables related to tobacco use. For this purpose, a search was carried out in Pubmed, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov in September 2022. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results: Of the 208 articles identified, six were included in this review. Results: For the most part, the research included suggests that contingency management is an effective strategy for improving abstinence outcomes, adherence, and other smoking-related variables such as delay discounting and intensity of cigarette demand in smokers with depressive symptomatology. Conclusions: Although contingency management could be a promising intervention in tobacco smokers with depressive symptomatology, further research in this area is still required.

UNASSIGNED: Depression in people with diabetes is associated with poorer health outcomes. Although web programs integrating cognitive-behavioral therapy with diabetes education have shown good results, no similar approach has been implemented in Spain. This aim of this study was to administer an Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy program (CBT) for the treatment of mild-moderate depressive symptomatology in individuals with type 1 diabetes (WEB_TDDI1 study) and evaluate the efficacy of this program.
UNASSIGNED: A pre-post randomized controlled study was conducted. The sample comprised 65 people with type 1 diabetes and mild-moderate depressive symptoms: 35 treatment group (TG) and 30 control group (CG). The following effects of the nine-session program were analyzed: depression (Beck Depression Inventory Fast Screen, BDI-FS), metabolic variables (glycosilated hemoglobin, HbA1c), and other psychological variables including anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), fear of hypoglycemia (Fear of Hypoglycemia Questionnaire, FH-15), distress (Diabetes Distress Questionnaire (DDS), quality of life (Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire, DQOL),and treatment adherence (Diabetes Self-Care Inventory-Revised questionnaire, SCI-R).
UNASSIGNED: At the end of the treatment program, only 28 people were evaluated (TG=8; CG=20). However, a significant reduction was found in both groups in BDI-FS and STAI-T scores, which was significantly greater in the TG. Significant improvements were also found in the TG in DQOL, FH-15, DDS and SCI-R scores. The percentage change in these variables was also statistically significant in the TG versus the CG. However, no significant results were found in HbA1c.
UNASSIGNED: The Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy program for the treatment of mild-moderate depressive symptomatology in people with type 1 diabetes (WEB_TDDI1 study) is effective in reducing depressive symptomatology in the sample that completed the study. Positive results are also produced in other variables associated with depression in this population such as diabetes-related distress, trait anxiety, fear of hypoglycemia, quality of life, and adherence to diabetes treatment. Although new studies would be necessary to support the results of this platform, the results obtained are positive and support the use of this platform as an appropriate treatment for this population.
UNASSIGNED: ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT03473704.