OBJECTIVE: The stability of the abutment screw is pivotal for successful implant-supported restorations, yet screw loosening remains a common complication, leading to compromised function and potential implant failure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different implant-abutment types and heights on screw loosening in cases with increased crown height space (CHS).
METHODS: In this in vitro study, a total of 64 abutments in eight distinct groups based on their type and height were evaluated. These groups included stock, cast, and milled abutments with heights of 4 mm (groups S4, C4, and M4), 7 mm (groups S7, C7, and M7), and 10 mm (groups C10 and M10). Removal torque loss (RTL) was assessed both before and after subjecting the abutments to dynamic cyclic loading. Additionally, the differences between initial RTL and RTL following cyclic loading were analyzed for each group (p < .05).
RESULTS: The C10 group demonstrated the highest RTL, whereas the S4 group exhibited the lowest initial RTL percentage (p < .05). Furthermore, the study established significant variations in RTL percentages and the discrepancies between initial and postcyclic loading RTL across different abutment groups (p < .05). Additionally, both abutment types and heights were found to significantly influence the RTL percentage (p < .05).
CONCLUSIONS: The type and height of the implant abutment affected screw loosening, and in an increased CHS of 12 mm, using a stock abutment with a postheight of 4 mm can be effective in minimizing screw loosening.

Immediate dental implant placement with or without immediate loading is reported in daily dentistry and implantology, but these procedures are not common in the case of periradicular and periapical lesions around the tooth needed to be replaced. In the following retrospective evaluation, 10 cases with a 1-year follow-up were selected to propose the technique of an immediate provisional non-loading prosthesis being delivered on the same day of the post-extraction implant placement in multiradicular teeth affected by chronic periradicular and periapical lesions. Post-extractive sockets underwent immediate dental implant placement by filling the empty space with sterile, re-absorbable gelatin sponges. The widths of the alveolar ridge were measured on three-dimensional radiographs before and after the operation, 4 and 12 months later. Non-parametric statistics were performed to compare the outcomes over time with a level of significance of 0.05. Comparing the preoperative cross-sectional images of cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans to the postoperative ones, it was noted that changes in the crestal ridge width, ΔCW, (compared to baseline) were negligible and not clinically appreciable. However, while ΔCW at 4 months appeared to be negative (-0.17 ± 045 mm), crestal width at 12 months was at the same level as the baseline (ΔCW = 0.02 ± 0.48 mm), with a significant difference between 4 and 12 months (p-value = 0.0494). Immediate implant placement with an immediate non-loading provisional customized healing abutment of polyether-ether-ketone placed into the post-extractive sockets with asymptomatic and large chronic periapical and periradicular lesions could represent a further treatment strategy for patients\' rehabilitation and soft tissue preservation to replace a hopeless tooth.

UNASSIGNED: New techniques, surgical protocols, dental implant designs, and prosthetic rehabilitation have been used in dentistry, most of which have yielded good results in the literature. This retrospective survey assessed the clinical results of patients rehabilitated with dental implants between January 2011 and December 2021. Load protocols (immediate and conventional), types of connections of the installed implants, external hexagon (EH), and cone morse (MC) were evaluated.
UNASSIGNED: Two evaluators were selected and calibrated to perform the analyses. The inclusion criteria were records with complete and legible information of patients rehabilitated with dental implants who were followed for at least 1 year after rehabilita-tion. The medical records were divided into two groups, G1 (implants with conventional load) and G2 (implants with immediate load), and further subdivided according to implant type. Information about the rehabilitation failures was noted and descriptive statistics of the results were obtained.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 432 evaluated medical records of patients rehabilitated with implants, the study included 319 records: 223 from women and 96 from men, aged 20-79 years. In total, data were available on 1,227 implants with dimensions of 10-13 mm and diameters of 3.75-4 mm. The G1 (n=1.188) survival rates were 94.95% for EH implants and 99.5% for MC implants. In G2 (n=39), the survival rates were 93.75% for EH implants and 91.3% for MC implants. The implant survival rates were relatively high among all groups evaluated; however, the discrepancy between the number of implants in the groups may compromise the comparison between them. Understanding and respecting the biomechanical and technical principles of each protocol was the main factor influencing the success of rehabilitation.
UNASSIGNED: The results of this study showed that, according to medical records, rehabilitation with dental implants showed excellent results regardless of the connection type (EH or MC) or loading protocol (conventional or immediate). The two loading protocols and two connection types had excellent results and scientific support. Therefore, the choice should be based on the clinical needs of each patient.

OBJECTIVE: to retrospectively evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes of immediate, flapless full-arch prostheses, supported by 4/6 implants according to prosthetic-driven planning and guided surgery.
METHODS: The study involved 28 edentulous patients (20 female/8 males; average age 67.75 ± 8.627 years), 32 prostheses (17 all-on-4/15 all-on-6) and 164 implants. The Implants survival, prostheses success/survival, peri-implant marginal bone loss, incidence of biological and prosthetic complications were evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the influence of implant and patient characteristics on marginal bone loss.
RESULTS: Cumulative implant survival rate was 89.7% for all-on-four (seven failures) and 99.0% for all-on-six (one failure) after a mean follow-up of 6.46 ± 2.236 years (range 1-10 years). Cumulative prosthesis success rate was 51.5% (58.8% for all-on-four/ 43.8% for all-on-six). Prosthesis survival rate was 88.2% for all-on-four. No failure was registered in all-on-six. Mean value of marginal bone loss was 1.38 ± 0.1.28 mm at 5-year and 2.09 ± 0.56 mm at 10-year follow-up. No difference was found in the mean value of marginal bone resorption between all-on-four (1.56 ± 1.61 mm) and all-on-six (1.20 ± 0.85 mm) (p = 0.104) and between tilted (1.22 ± 1.29 mm) and axial implants (1.44 ± 1.27 mm) (p = 0.385) after 5-year follow-up. The incidence of biological complications was 1.0% in all-on-six (one mucositis) and 10.3% in all-on-four (two peri-implantitis). Prosthetic complications affected teeth of final rehabilitations with 3 detachments, 10 chippings or fractures, and 3 severe occlusal wears.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results and within the limitations of the present study, the implant-supported hybrid prosthesis according to prosthetic-driven planning and guided surgery showed to be an efficient, safe, and effective approach to rehabilitate edentulous jaws.

(1) Background: Immediate dental implant placement has been a subject of great interest over the last decade. Here, information regarding the anatomy and bone thickness of the jaw prior to dental implant placement is crucial to increase the surgery\'s success and the patient\'s safety. The clinical premises for this approach have been controversially discussed. One of those heavily discussed premises is a buccal bone thickness of at least 1 mm thickness. This meta-analysis aims to systematically review buccal bone thickness (BBT) in healthy patients. Thus, the feasibility of immediate dental implant placement in daily practice can be assessed. (2) Methods: A search in the electronic databases was performed to identify articles reporting on BBT that was measured by computed tomography in adults. (3) Results: We were able to find 45 studies, including 4324 patients with 25,452 analyzed teeth. The analysis showed a BBT at the alveolar crest of 0.76 ± 0.49 mm in the maxillary frontal and of 1.42 ± 0.74 mm in the maxillary posterior region. In the mandible, the average measured values were similar to those in the maxilla (front: 0.95 ± 0.58 mm; posterior: 1.20 ± 0.96 mm). In the maxillary frontal region 74.4% and in the mandibular frontal region 61.2% of the crestal buccal bones showed widths <1 mm. (4) Conclusions: In more than 60% of the cases, the BBT at the alveolar crest is <1 mm in maxillary and mandibular frontal regions. This anatomic data supports careful pre-surgical assessment, planning of a buccal graft, and critical selection of indication for immediate implant placement, especially in the maxillary and mandibular frontal and premolar region.

Bacterial micro leakage at implant-abutment interface under functional loading is an important factor, may lead to crestal bone loss and affect the long term success of dental implants. Due to the limited studies about the implant systems with a connection of Slip joint design, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of dynamic loading on bacterial leakage at the implant-abutment interface with slip joint connection.
In vitro- comparative study.
A total of 20 implants and abutments with slip joint connections (Tapered Screw-Vent, 3.7 mm ×10 mm, Zimmer Dental, USA) was examined and depends on using functional loading were divided into two groups; loaded and unloaded. Initially, 10 μl of Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) culture broth was pipetted to the internal lumen of each implant, then the abutments were tightened to the fixtures and crowns were cemented. In the unloaded group, samples were immersed in E-Coli suspension for 5 days. In the loaded group, samples were immersed in microbial suspension under 500000 cycles using a cyclic load device. Following disconnection of fixtures and abutments, microbial samples were taken from the internal lumen of implants and colonies were counted. Data were analyzed using.
Mann-Whitney statistical test, SPSS version 24.
The mean rate of micro leakage in unloaded and loaded groups was 4000 CFU/ml and 27000 ± 31640 CFU/ml respectively. Bacterial colonies grew in 10% of unloaded samples and 50% of loaded samples. This difference was statistically significant. (P < 0.05).
Microbial micro leakage at the implant-abutment interface with slip joint design increased significantly after functional loading.

To ensure single dental implant stability, there are some approaches. The stabilization of a single-piece implant by welding it to a titanium needle allows immediate loading and promotes the final osseointegration. The aim of this case report study was an evaluation of long-term clinical outcomes of immediate loading in cases with bone atrophy in the canine region by welding single implant to a titanium needle. In two cases with maxillary atrophic anterior bone, single-piece titanium implants were used. As support structure, a Scialom-type stabilization titanium needle was used (diameter 1.2 mm and suitable length to obtain a bicortical positioning). These two elements were joined together using a Mondani intraoral welder. The implants immediately loaded by temporary restorations. The cases were followed for 24 years, and clinical outcomes were assessed. The use of this method, in the cases with maxillary atrophic anterior bone, allows immediate loading with a fixed acrylic prosthesis at the end of the surgical session. Clinical outcome was successful for 24 years. This approach is a successful method that allows immediate loading in atrophic bone.

OBJECTIVE: Crestal bone loss is a biological complication in implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of progressive and conventional loading on crestal bone height and bone density around single osseointegrated implants in the posterior maxilla by a longitudinal radiographic assessment technique.
METHODS: Twenty micro thread implants were placed in 10 patients (two implants per patient). One of the two implants in each patient was assigned to progressive and the other to conventional loading groups. Eight weeks after surgery, conventional implants were restored with a metal ceramic crown and the progressive group underwent a progressive loading protocol. The progressive loading group took different temporary acrylic crowns at 2, 4 and 6 months. After eight months, acrylic crowns were replaced with a metal ceramic crown. Computer radiography of both progressive and conventional implants was taken at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months. Image analysis was performed to measure the height of crestal bone loss and bone density.
RESULTS: The mean values of crestal bone loss at month 12 were 0.11 (0.19) mm for progressively and 0.36 (0.36) mm for conventionally loaded implants, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) using Wilcoxon sign rank. Progressively loaded group showed a trend for higher bone density gain compared to the conventionally loaded group, but when tested with repeated measure ANOVA, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The progressive group showed less crestal bone loss in single osseointegrated implant than the conventional group. Bone density around progressively loaded implants showed increase in crestal, middle and apical areas.