电解质中K+运动的高自由度(DOF)是理想的。因为由此产生的高离子电导率有助于改善钾离子电池,但需要高度游离和易燃的有机溶剂分子的支持,严重影响电池安全。这里,我们开发了一个K+通量整流器,以将K离子的DOF调整为1,并提高电化学性能。尽管在K+磁通整流器中离子电导率受损,提高了PIBs的整体电化学性能。实现了从4.0到5.9V的氧化稳定性改善,枝晶的形成和有机阴极的溶解受到抑制。因此,K||K电池连续循环超过3,700小时;K||Cu电池在800次循环中稳定运行,库仑效率超过99%;K|石墨电池在1,500次循环后表现出超过74.7%的高容量保留。此外,3,4,9,10-茚四羧酸二酰亚胺有机阴极运行超过2,100个循环,达到年规模的循环时间。我们制造了2.18Ah袋装电池,在100次循环后没有观察到显著的容量衰减。
High degrees of freedom (DOF) for K+ movement in the electrolytes is desirable, because the resulting high ionic conductivity helps improve potassium-ion batteries, yet requiring support from highly free and flammable organic solvent molecules, seriously affecting battery safety. Here, we develop a K+ flux rectifier to trim K ion\'s DOF to 1 and improve electrochemical properties. Although the ionic conductivity is compromised in the K+ flux rectifier, the overall electrochemical performance of PIBs was improved. An oxidation stability improvement from 4.0 to 5.9 V was realized, and the formation of dendrites and the dissolution of organic cathodes were inhibited. Consequently, the K||K cells continuously cycled over 3,700 h; K||Cu cells operated stably over 800 cycles with the Coulombic efficiency exceeding 99%; and K||graphite cells exhibited high-capacity retention over 74.7% after 1,500 cycles. Moreover, the 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide organic cathodes operated for more than 2,100 cycles and reached year-scale-cycling time. We fabricated a 2.18 Ah pouch cell with no significant capacity fading observed after 100 cycles.