抗体-药物偶联物(ADC)是由单克隆抗体组成的复杂化学结构,作为目标细胞的链接,与有效的细胞毒性药物缀合(即,有效载荷)通过化学接头。受PaulEhrlich将理想的抗癌药物作为“魔术子弹”的概念的启发,ADC也是高度特异性的抗癌剂,正如他们已经证明的那样,绑定,中和癌细胞,限制对正常细胞的伤害。ADC是治疗实体和血液恶性肿瘤的最新药理学突破之一。的确,近年来,各种ADC已被食品和药物管理局和欧洲药品管理局批准用于治疗几种癌症,导致“改变实践”的方法。然而,尽管取得了这些成功,没有ADC被批准用于治疗受肾细胞癌(RCC)影响的患者。在本论文中,我们全面回顾了目前的文献,并总结了评估RCC患者ADC活性和毒性的临床前研究和临床试验.此外,我们仔细研究了潜在的原因,直到现在,阻碍了ADC在这些患者中的治疗成功。最后,我们讨论了改善ADCs发展的新策略及其在治疗RCC患者中的疗效.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are complex chemical structures composed of a monoclonal antibody, serving as a link to target cells, which is conjugated with a potent cytotoxic drug (i.e., payload) through a chemical linker. Inspired by Paul Ehrlich\'s concept of the ideal anticancer drug as a \"magic bullet\", ADCs are also highly specific anticancer agents, as they have been demonstrated to recognize, bind, and neutralize cancer cells, limiting injuries to normal cells. ADCs are among the newest pharmacologic breakthroughs in treating solid and hematologic malignancies. Indeed, in recent years, various ADCs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency for the treatment of several cancers, resulting in a \"practice-changing\" approach. However, despite these successes, no ADC is approved for treating patients affected by renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In the present paper, we thoroughly reviewed the current literature and summarized preclinical studies and clinical trials that evaluated the activity and toxicity profile of ADCs in RCC patients. Moreover, we scrutinized the potential causes that, until now, hampered the therapeutical success of ADCs in those patients. Finally, we discussed novel strategies that would improve the development of ADCs and their efficacy in treating RCC patients.