Hydatid disease is endemic mainly in Asia and other sheep-raising areas. In India, hydatid disease has been a very common disease because of its close association with livestock rearing. Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The usual location of infestation is in the liver sinusoids, lungs, and spleen. Hydatid disease in humans is rare, and a hydatid cyst of the spleen without involving the liver is very rare. The rarity of splenic hydatid disease may pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians, especially in non-endemic areas. The diagnosis of hydatid disease is based on the epidemiological background of patients, clinical grounds, or noninvasive screening procedures. With this background, we aimed to study the presenting symptomatology and various clinical manifestations of isolated spleen hydatid disease and analyze the morbidity and mortality of hydatid disease. Different surgical modalities and their complications were studied. Three patients operated on for splenic hydatid at our institute were studied retrospectively.

Hydatid cyst disease, caused by the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm larval form, typically affects the liver, lungs, and genitourinary tract. This case report details an unusual manifestation of hydatid cysts in a 62-year-old male with a history of retrovesical hydatid cyst surgery. The patient presented with pain at the root of the penis, and subsequent imaging revealed cysts in the suprapubic, pubic bone, and left pectineus muscle regions. Despite the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the patient underwent surgical excision in 2023. The discussion emphasizes the rarity of such localized cysts, diagnostic imaging techniques, and the necessity of surgical intervention. The postoperative period involved a course of albendazole. While rectovesical hydatid cysts are uncommon, this case underscores the importance of considering them in the differential diagnosis of masses, particularly in endemic regions. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment for symptomatic hydatid cysts.

Hydatid disease is a zoonotic disease caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. It is an endemic disease in many parts of the world. Although humans are incidental hosts of the parasite, the disease sometimes results in fatal consequences. The liver and lungs are the most common sites of infection in humans. We report the case of a 45-year-old female who presented with complaints of right hypochondriac pain, fever, and cough, initially suspected as a case of liver abscess but later diagnosed as a giant calcified hydatid cyst of the liver. Imaging and immunoglobulin G for Echinococcus granulosus helped confirm our diagnosis. Based on her symptoms, the patient was treated symptomatically with analgesics, paracetamol, and an antitussive for pain, fever, and cough, respectively. In terms of definitive care, she was treated with oral albendazole and referred to her home district for necessary surgical intervention.

Pulmonary echinococcosis is a parasitic infection that accounts for 20% of the infected cases with echinococcosis. Patients may present after a cyst rupture associated with a variety of complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is known as supportive therapy for patients with respiratory and cardiac failure, including ARDS associated with multiple causes. Parasitic infection associated with ARDS due to cyst rupture managed with ECMO as bridging to definitive surgical intervention is documented in two previous case reports only. Here, we are presenting a 21-year-old female with a pulmonary hydatid cyst complicated by ARDS and managed with ECMO.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), stemming from the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, stands as a widespread parasitic zoonosis primarily afflicting the liver and lungs. However, instances in the inguinal region are exceptionally infrequent. We present a distinctive case involving a 49-year-old female with a progressively enlarging inguinal mass over a five-year period, characterized by the absence of hepatic or pulmonary involvement. This case underscores the unique clinical presentation and diagnostic intricacies associated with extrahepatic and extrapulmonary expressions of CE. The presented case contributes to advancing our comprehension of unconventional hydatid disease presentations, highlighting the imperative for a multidisciplinary approach in both diagnosis and treatment. Ongoing research endeavors and collaborative efforts are pivotal for refining strategies and enhancing outcomes in patients with rare manifestations such as inguinal hydatid cysts.

Hydatid disease, also known as cystic echinococcus, is a parasitic infection initiated by Echinococcus granulosus. It primarily affects the lungs and liver, but it can also occur in other organs. Hydatid cysts in the gluteal muscle are an exceedingly rare phenomenon, even in areas with high prevalence. We report the case of a 29-year-old farmer who presented with a painful mass in the gluteal region. The diagnostic findings unveiled the existence of a hydatid cyst within the gluteal muscle managed with complete pericystectomy and chemotherapy with antiparasitic drugs. In regions where hydatid cysts are prevalent, it is essential to include them in the list of potential diagnoses for any cystic mass. Diagnosing such cases can be difficult, and surgery remains the most effective treatment.

The hydatid cyst is a cosmopolitan parasitic infection caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus and is a major public health problem in developing countries. Solitary hydatid cysts located in the buttocks are very rare, and the unusual location of the cyst can aid in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous masses in this area, particularly in endemic areas. In this report, we present the case of a 39-year-old man who was admitted to the emergency department with a painful, abscessed cyst in the buttock region. The cyst was completely excised, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst. Further investigations did not reveal any other locations. Although the buttock region is an extremely rare site of infection for a hydatid cyst, it should be considered in cystic lesions, especially in endemic areas.

An isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen is a rare presentation of echinococcal diseases, especially in non-endemic areas where it may end up with unnecessary work-up and misdiagnosis. Here, we present the case of a 28-year-old female presenting with generalized abdominal pain, constipation, and early satiety who had a delayed diagnosis of isolated splenic hydatid cyst which was partially treated with albendazole, eventually requiring splenectomy.

Hydatid cyst of the liver is a rare zoonotic disease in the United States. It is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is mainly seen among immigrants from countries where this parasite is endemic. Differential diagnoses of such lesions can include pyogenic or amebic abscesses, in addition to other benign or malignant lesions. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman who presented with symptoms of abdominal pain and was diagnosed with a hydatid cyst of the liver masquerading as a liver abscess. Microscopic and parasitological tests confirmed this diagnosis. The patient was treated and discharged without further complications during follow-up.

Mucormycosis is a group of life-threatening diseases caused by a fungus of the Mucoraceae family and has a higher mortality rate compared with other known fungal infections. Hydatid cyst, caused by Echinococcus, is a crucial health concern in endemic areas and the disease is characterized by slow-growing cysts in the liver, lungs, or other organs. In this report, a woman with coexistence of hydatid cyst and Mucormycosis is introduced. The patient was a 52-year-old woman with approximately 6 years\' history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism, who presented with cough, sputum, and dyspnea 2 months ago. On the initial auscultation of the lungs, there was a decreased sound at the base of the left lung, and she had a fever. In blood tests, she had a high titer of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and 3+ C-Reactive Protein. The symptoms in favor of hydatid cyst were observed in lung computed tomography and in pleural needle biopsy, hydatid cyst was confirmed. With this indication, she underwent wedge resection, and resection of the left lower lung cyst. Two samples are taken from the cyst side and the pathology report was consistent with Mucormycosis (wide filaments with a 90-degree angle). The patient was immediately treated with liposomal amphotericin for 4 weeks. The Lung CT scan was performed before and after treatment. Albendazole was treated to treat hydatid cyst. After discharge, the treatment of the patient continued with oral Posaconazole, and after the treatment finalization, the general condition of the patient was good, and she did not have any complaints. In pulmonary diseases that do not respond significantly to surgical treatment (such as hydatid cyst), fungal disease (mucor) must be considered simultaneously. Mucormycosis is more prevalent in patients with uncontrolled diabetes, and it is necessary to be considered if these patients were infected with pneumonia and their symptoms did not improve with usual treatments.