■皮肤病变可能是由COVID-19疾病引起的,也可能是由于与COVID-19大流行有关的其他驱动力引起的。
■考虑到不同文章中关于与COVID-19大流行有关的皮肤表现的类型和患病率的报告数据不一致,我们已经描述了与COVID-19大流行相关的皮肤病变的机制和类型.
■在这篇评论文章中,我们在Medline数据库(PubMed)中搜索了以下关键术语“皮肤病学表现”的组合,“皮肤表现”,“皮肤表现”,“COVID-19”,“SARS-CoV-2”。
■与COVID-19相关的皮肤表现的患病率为0.2%至20%。这些皮肤病变中的大多数是斑丘疹。与COVID-19大流行相关的皮肤表现如下所述。创伤性皮肤病,如个人皮炎,尤其是那些过敏的人,可能会引发二次过度洗涤或用不合适的洗涤剂冲洗。此外,个人防护设备(口罩-手套-护罩)的不当使用会引发面部和手部的皮肤病变或加剧痤疮的病变,脂溢性皮炎,湿疹,等。此外,COVID-19患者在住院或门诊治疗期间可能发生皮肤药物不良反应.此外,急性应激引起的皮肤精神障碍可引发或恶化多种皮肤表现。此外,COVID-19在患有自身免疫性或慢性炎症性基础皮肤病如银屑病的患者中的患病率和病程可能会发生变化,红斑狼疮,天疱疮,使用免疫抑制或生物药物控制疾病的硬皮病。
■由于皮肤器官受累的各种维度和受影响的人口众多,这场大流行后的长期皮肤状况可能比看起来更成问题。严重的预防措施和医疗支持是必要的,以避免皮肤疾病成为永久性甚至慢性。
UNASSIGNED: Skin lesions are either caused by COVID-19 disease or they can be due to other driving forces related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
UNASSIGNED: Considering the fact that the reported data in different articles for the type and prevalence of skin manifestations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are inconsistent, we have described the mechanism and type of skin lesions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
UNASSIGNED: In this review article, we have searched the Medline database (PubMed) for the combination of the following key terms \"Dermatological Manifestation\", \"cutaneous Manifestation\", \"Skin Manifestation\", \"COVID-19\", \"SARS-CoV-2\".
UNASSIGNED: The prevalence of skin manifestations related to COVID-19 ranged from 0.2% to 20%. The majority of these skin lesions are maculopapular eruptions. The skin presentations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are described below. Traumatic skin conditions such as dermatitis in individuals, especially those with allergies, might initiate secondary to over-washing or rinsing with inappropriate detergents. Also, inappropriate use of personal protective equipment (mask-gloves-shield) can trigger skin lesions on the face and hands or aggravate the lesions of acne, seborrhoeic dermatitis, eczema, etc. Furthermore, cutaneous adverse drug reactions may occur during hospitalization or outpatient treatment of COVID-19 patients. Also, psychocutaneous disorders due to acute stress can trigger or deteriorate several skin manifestations. Moreover, COVID-19 prevalence and course may be changed in patients with autoimmune or chronic inflammatory underlying skin disorders such as psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, pemphigus, scleroderma who are on immunosuppressive or biological medications to control their disorders.
UNASSIGNED: Due to the various dimensions of skin organ involvement and the large population affected, long-term skin conditions following this pandemic can be a lot more problematic than it appears. Serious preventive measures and medical supports are necessary to avoid skin disorders from becoming permanent or even chronic.