背景:与野生食用植物(WEP)相关的传统生态知识(TEK)和实践是江华瑶族自治县瑶族地方文化的重要组成部分,拥有中国瑶族人口最多的国家。经济发展,城市化,生活方式的转变和年轻一代不断变化的兴趣有可能失去这些宝贵的知识。然而,没有关于江华县瑶族社区WEP的记录。迫切需要收集有关江华主要WEP及其用途的数据。这可以用来教育和激发人们对这些WEP的新兴趣,为了帮助继承和改善文化认同和自信,增强本地适应各种变化的能力,并为新颖和增值的应用提供途径,以创造新的本地商业机会。
方法:要记录与TEK和实践相关的WEP,我们在2018年、2019年和2023年进行了实地调查。民族植物学方法,如自由上市,参与性观察,半结构化面试,实地调查采用了市场调查。有关WEP的信息,包括白话名称,使用的零件,使用方式,并记录收集时间。收集了凭证样本,已识别,存放在中央民族大学植物标本室,在北京。
结果:完全,来自12个村庄的81名瑶族人接受了采访。传统上,WEP在瑶族人的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。共记录了89属49科的130种植物。收集的植物表现出极大的多样性,并反映了独特的当地文化。大多数(54.5%)WEP也被用作药物。巴巴可以被定义为一种文化认同食品,和WEP通常用作茶的替代品,以获得健康益处。
结论:我们得出结论,在快速变化的时代,WEP的使用面临着巨大的挑战。保存WEP相关的实践和知识不仅对保存当地生物文化多样性很重要,而且在为粮食安全和未来经济发展提供潜在的功能和健康材料方面也很有价值。培养年轻一代对自然和生物多样性的兴趣,建议结合当地政策,提高公众意识。
BACKGROUND: Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and practice associated with wild edible plants (WEPs) is an important part of local culture of the Yao people in Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, which possesses the biggest population of Yao ethnic group in China. Economic development, urbanization, and transition of lifestyle and changing interests of the younger generations risk loss of such valuable knowledge. However, no record had been reported about WEPs from the Yao communities of Jianghua County. It is urgent to assemble data on the major WEPs and their uses in Jianghua. This can be used to educate and stimulate new interest in these WEPs, to aid inheritance and improvement of cultural identity and confidence, to enhance local resilience to various changes and to suggest pathways for novel and value-added applications to create new local business opportunities.
METHODS: To record WEPs associated with TEK and practice, we conducted field surveys in 2018, 2019 and 2023. The ethnobotanical methods such as free-listing, participatory observation, semi-structured interview, and market survey were adopted in the field investigations. Information about WEPs including vernacular names, parts used, ways of use, and collection time were recorded. Voucher specimens were collected, identified, and deposited in the herbarium at Minzu University of China, in Beijing.
RESULTS: Totally, 81 Yao people from 12 villages were interviewed. WEPs traditionally play a crucial role in Yao peoples\' daily lives. A total of 130 plant species from 89 genera and 49 families were recorded. The plants collected showed great diversity and reflected unique local culture. Most (54.5%) WEPs were also used as medicines. Baba can be defined as a cultural identity food, and WEPs are commonly used as tea substitutes for their health benefits.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that WEPs use is facing great challenges in a rapidly changing era. Preservation of WEPs related practice and knowledge is not only important for conserving local biocultural diversity, but also valuable in providing potential functional and healthy materials for food security and future economic development. Cultivation of young generations\' interest in nature and biodiversity, combined with local policy to enhance public awareness are recommended.