这项研究的主要目的是评估头孢噻呋对子宫炎治疗的影响,牛奶产量,繁殖性能,并剔除高达300DIM。次要目标是评估诊断后5(ECURE)和14(LCURE)d子宫炎治愈对牛奶产量的影响,繁殖,和扑杀。来自TX的4头牛群中,共有422头被诊断患有子宫炎的荷斯坦奶牛,CA,和FL纳入一项随机临床试验。诊断为子宫炎的奶牛(恶臭,水,红/褐色子宫排出物)被牛群和胎次阻断,并随机分配接受头孢噻呋系全身给药(CEF)或保持未治疗(CON)。此外,出于比较目的,包括399头非金属母牛(NMET)。在诊断后5天和14天评估子宫炎的治愈,并定义为没有子宫炎临床体征。对数据进行Logistic回归模型拟合,以评估治疗对子宫炎治愈的影响。使用混合线性模型分析了牛奶产量,而逻辑回归,Cox比例风险和Kaplan-Meier生存分析模型适用于剔除和繁殖数据。在诊断后第5天和第14天,接受CEF治疗的奶牛比CON奶牛有1.86(95%CI:1.22-2.81)和1.68(95%CI:1.02-2.75)更大的治愈几率。分别。没有观察到CEF对产奶量的影响;然而,NMET奶牛的产奶量比Metritic奶牛高(CEF=36.0,95%CI=33.8-38.1;CON=36.1,95%CI=33.9-38.2;NMET=36.9kg/d,95%CI=34.8-39.4)。同样,未观察到CEF对繁殖性能和剔除的影响。尽管如此,NMET奶牛受孕的可能性是CEF和CON奶牛的1.72倍(95%CI=1.41-2.12)和1.64倍(95%CI=1.33-2.00),分别。与NMET相比,头孢噻呋处理和CON母牛的剔除风险为2.93(95%CI=1.90-4.51)和2.37(95%CI=1.51-3.71)。分别。不管治疗,在产奶量上没有观察到ECURE和LCURE之间的差异,繁殖,在整个哺乳过程中剔除,但是,与未治愈的奶牛(NCURE)相比,在诊断后5或14d治愈的奶牛在前60DIM中的产奶量更高。与NCURE相比,ECURE和LCURE中的奶牛的妊娠风险也分别为1.59(95%CI=1.16-2.16)和1.49(95%CI=1.08-2.05)和0.43(95%CI=0.26-0.71)和0.56(95%CI=0.34-0.92)。头孢噻呋疗法增加子宫炎的治愈,但没有观察到对生产力和寿命的好处。此外,无法治愈的奶牛泌乳性能受损,但没有观察到关于治愈时间的差异。
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ceftiofur on metritis cure, milk yield, reproductive performance, and
culling up to 300 DIM. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effect of metritis cure at 5 (early cure [ECURE]) and 14 (late cure [LCURE]) days after diagnosis on milk production, reproduction, and
culling. A total of 422 Holstein cows diagnosed with metritis from 4 herds located in Texas, California, and Florida were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial. Cows diagnosed with metritis (fetid, watery, reddish or brownish uterine discharge) were blocked by herd and parity and were randomly allocated to receive systemic administration of ceftiofur (CEF) or to remain untreated (CON). In addition, 399 nonmetritic cows (NMET) were included for comparison purposes. Metritis cure was evaluated at 5 and 14 d after diagnosis and was defined as the absence of metritis clinical signs. Logistic regression models were fitted to the data to assess the effect of treatment on metritis cure. Milk yield was analyzed using a mixed linear model, while logistic regression, Cox proportional hazard, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis models were fitted to culling and reproduction data. Cows treated with CEF had 1.86 (95% CI: 1.22-2.81) and 1.68 (95% CI: 1.02-2.75) greater odds of being cured than CON cows at 5 and 14 d after diagnosis, respectively. No effect of CEF was observed for milk yield; however, NMET cows had greater milk yield compared with metritic cows (CEF = 36.0, 95% CI = 33.8-38.1; CON = 36.1, 95% CI = 33.9-38.2; NMET = 36.9 kg/d, 95% CI = 34.8-39.4). Likewise, no effect of CEF was observed on reproductive performance and
culling. Nonetheless, the likelihood of conceiving for NMET cows was 1.72 (95% CI = 1.41-2.12) and 1.64 (95% CI = 1.33-2.00) times greater than for CEF and CON cows, respectively. Ceftiofur-treated and CON cows had 2.93 (95% CI = 1.90-4.51) and 2.37 (95% CI = 1.51-3.71) greater hazard of culling compared with NMET, respectively. Regardless of treatment, no differences between ECURE and LCURE were observed on milk yield, reproduction, and
culling throughout the entire lactation, but cows that cured at 5 or 14 d after diagnosis had greater milk production in the first 60 DIM compared with cows that did not cure (NCURE). Cows in ECURE and LCURE also had a 1.59 (95% CI = 1.16-2.16) and 1.49 (95% CI = 1.08-2.05) greater hazard of pregnancy and 0.43 (95% CI = 0.26-0.71) and 0.56 (95% CI = 0.34-0.92) hazard of
culling compared with NCURE. Ceftiofur therapy increased metritis cure, but benefits to productivity and longevity were not observed. Also, cows that fail to cure have impaired lactation performance, but no differences regarding timing of cure were observed.