这项研究的目的是通过跨物种的形状分析,根据品种和性别因素确定轨道的双态结构。此外,这项研究旨在确定这两个物种之间的差异。共86只(51只羊-Akkaraman[Ak]和Morkaraman[Mk],研究中使用了35只山羊-头发[Hr]和Honaml²[Hm])头骨。决定指定36个地标来代表轨道的边缘。在主成分分析中,计算了68个PCs。确定PC1,PC2和PC3解释了形态的总方差26.909%,16.147%和13.616%,分别。根据交叉验证结果,山羊按95%分组(Hm:100%,HR:90%),而绵羊的分组为56%(Ak:50%,Mk:63%)。因此,与绵羊相比,山羊品种在眼眶形状上的二态性更为明显。在性别群体的判别函数分析中,山羊的Procrustes和Mahalanobis距离值分别为0.04425425(p<0.0001)和5.3733(p=0.9550),在绵羊0.03513424(p<0.0001)和7.1003(p=0.9414)中,分别,被检测到。根据交叉验证结果,在性方面,山羊的正确分组率为74%(F:73%;M:75%),绵羊品种的正确分组率为72%(F:77%;M:66%)。栖息地选择等因素,育种行为和生态环境可能显示出品种内部以及品种之间的解剖学差异。因此,各种测量技术被用来揭示这些差异。因此,据认为,这项研究将有助于许多学科,尤其是分类学和动物考古学,通过分析绵羊和山羊品种的轨道形状,它的驯化可以追溯到古代,并揭示物种和性别之间的异同。
The purpose of this study was to identify the dimorphic structures of the orbita based on breed and sex factors through shape analysis across species. Additionally, the study aimed to ascertain the variability between the two species. A total of 86 (51 sheep-Akkaraman [Ak] and Morkaraman [Mk], 35 goats-Hair [Hr] and Honamlı [Hm]) skulls were used in the study. It was decided to designate 36 landmarks to represent the orbit\'s edge. In the principal component analysis, 68 PCs were calculated. It was determined that PC1, PC2 and PC3 explained the total variance in morphology by 26.909%, 16.147% and 13.616%, respectively. According to the cross-validation results, the goats were grouped with 95% (Hm: 100%, Hr: 90%), while the sheep were grouped with 56% (Ak: 50%, Mk: 63%). Therefore, dimorphism among goat breeds on orbita shape was more pronounced compared to sheep. In the discriminant function analysis of the sex groups, Procrustes and Mahalanobis distance values in goats were 0.04425425 (p < 0.0001) and 5.3733 (p = 0.9550), in sheep 0.03513424 (p < 0.0001) and 7.1003 (p = 0.9414), respectively, was detected. According to the cross-validation results, in terms of sex, goats were correctly grouped at a rate of 74% (F: 73%; M: 75%) and sheep breeds were correctly grouped at a rate of 72% (F: 77%; M: 66%). Factors such as habitat selection, breeding behaviours and ecological environment may show anatomical differences within breeds as well as between breeds. Therefore, various measurement techniques are used to reveal these differences. As a result, it is thought that the study will contribute to many disciplines, especially taxonomy and zooarchaeology, by analysing the shape of the orbita of sheep and goat breeds, the domestication of which dates back to ancient times, and revealing the similarities and differences between species and according to sex.