Malaria has inflicted serious morbidity and mortality across the globe. The major brunt of the disease has been on African, South-East Asian and South American countries. Proportionally, malaria has attracted global research priorities and this is evident from the number of publications related to malaria from across the globe, irrespective of its endemicity. However, formal and exhaustive analyses of these \'malaria publications\' are rarely reported. The systematic review and secondary data analyses were done to retrieve information on what has been published on malaria, where is it published, and which countries are major contributors to malaria research.The study presents malaria publications from 1945 to 2020 retrieved using three databases: Web of Science™, Embase® and Scopus®. Exported data were examined to determine the number of publications over time, their subject areas, contributions from various countries/organizations, and top publishing journals.The total number of published records on malaria ranged from 90,282 to 112,698 (due to three different databases). Based on the number of publications, USA, UK, France, and India were identified as the top four countries. Malaria Journal, American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, and PLoS One were the most preferred journals, whereas the University of London (Institutions other than LSHTM), the National Institute of Health, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the University of Oxford appeared to be the top contributing organization.A disproportional contribution to malaria research was observed with non-malaria endemic countries making the largest contribution. Databases differed in their output format and needed standardization to make the outputs comparable across databases.

In September 1994, the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), that gave birth to the doctrine of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), was held in Cairo, Egypt1. This year is the 30th year following the conference. Given that a total of 179 governments attended the ICPD and agreed to the Platform for Action for promoting and improving sexual and reproductive health and rights, it is appropriate to take stock of changes, expectations, and commitments that have occurred as a result of actions taken by governments. The 57th session of the Commission on Population and Development will be held in April 2024 and will be dedicated to assessing the status of sexual and reproductive health and rights 30 years after Cairo. Additional post-30years events will take place in Geneva, Switzerland in October 19-20, 2024 which are intended to enable the global community to take a look backwards identify ways in which the ICPD processes have influenced global development.
En septembre 1994, la Conférence internationale sur la population et le développement (CIPD), qui a donné naissance à la doctrine de la santé et des droits sexuels et reproductifs (SDSR), s\'est tenue au Caire, en Égypte1. Cette année marque la 30e année après la conférence. Étant donné qu\'un total de 179 gouvernements ont participé à la CIPD et ont accepté le Programme d\'action pour promouvoir et améliorer la santé et les droits sexuels et reproductifs, il convient de faire le point sur les changements, les attentes et les engagements qui se sont produits à la suite des mesures prises. par les gouvernements. La 57e session de la Commission sur la population et le développement se tiendra en avril 2024 et sera consacrée à l\'évaluation de l\'état de la santé et des droits sexuels et reproductifs 30 ans après. D\'autres événements post-30 ans auront lieu à Genève, en Suisse, les 19 et 20 octobre 2024, destinés à permettre à la communauté mondiale de jeter un regard en arrière et en avant pour identifier la manière dont les processus de la CIPD ont influencé le développement mondial.

UNASSIGNED: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability in the general population worldwide. However, the changing trend of ischemic stroke burden attributable to various dietary risk factors has not been fully revealed and may contribute to a better understanding of stroke epidemiology.
UNASSIGNED: Our article aimed to evaluate the temporal trend of diet-related ischemic stroke burden to inform future research and policy-making.
UNASSIGNED: This analysis was based on the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 (spanning years 1990 to 2019), and we used the joinpoint regression to model temporal trends in diet-related ischemic stroke burden across countries and regions of the world during the study period. Six specific dietary factors known to influence stroke risk, including sodium, red meat, fiber, vegetables, whole grains, and fruits, were evaluated in the GBD study to determine their individual and joint impact on ischemic stroke. The changing trend was primarily measured by the average annual percent change (AAPC). Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of mortality and years lived with disability (YLD) per 100,000 population were used to evaluate disease burden. Finally, the socioeconomic background, which was quantified as sociodemographic index (SDI), and its association with diet-related ischemic stroke burden were also explored with the Pearson correlation coefficient.
UNASSIGNED: During the study period, the ischemic stroke ASR of mortality attributable to overall dietary risk decreased by an average of 1.6% per year, while the ASR of YLD decreased by an average of 0.2% per year. High sodium diet was still a key driver of diet-related ischemic stroke, accounting for 8.4% and 11.0% of deaths and disabilities, respectively, in 2019. In addition, we found a negative association between temporal evolution of stroke burden and socioeconomic background (r = -0.6603 for mortality and r = -0.4224 for disability, P < 0.001), which suggested that the developing countries with weak social and economic foundation faced greater challenges from the ongoing burden of diet-related strokes compared with developed countries.
UNASSIGNED: Our study found declining trends and revealed the current status of diet-related ischemic stroke mortality and disability. Interdisciplinary countermeasures involving the development of effective food policies, evidence-based guidelines, and public education are needed in the future to combat this global epidemic.
UNASSIGNED: The data used for analysis were open-access and can be obtained from https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.

UNASSIGNED: Neurological insults during surgery arise from anatomic and/or physiologic perturbations. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM) fills a critical role of ensuring that any neurological insults during certain surgical procedures are caught in real-time to prevent patient harm. IONM provides immediate feedback to the surgeon and anesthesiologist about the need for an intervention to prevent a neurologic deficit postoperatively. As important as it seems to have IONM available to any patient having surgery where a neurological injury is possible, the truth is that IONM is unavailable to large swaths of people around the world. This review is intended to bring attention to all of the ways IONM is critically important for a variety of surgeries and highlight the barriers preventing most patients around the world from benefiting from the technology. Expansion of IONM to benefit patients from all over the world is the new frontier.
UNASSIGNED: We searched all English language original papers and reviews using Embase and MEDLINE/PubMed databases published from 1995 to 2022. Different combinations of the following search terms were used: intraoperative neuromonitoring, neurosurgery, low-income countries, cost, safety, and efficacy.
UNASSIGNED: We describe common IONM modalities used during surgery as well as explore barriers to implementation of IONM in resource-limited regions. Additionally, we describe ongoing efforts to establish IONM capabilities in new locations around the world.
UNASSIGNED: In this paper, we performed a review of the literature on IONM with an emphasis on the basic understanding of clinical applications and the barriers for expansion into resource-limited settings. Finally, we provide our interpretation of \"new frontiers\" in IONM quite literally facilitating access to the tools and education so a hospital in Sub-Saharan Africa can incorporate IONM for their high-risk surgeries.

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Citation analysis uses the number of times an author, article, or publication has been cited to determine its relative importance or effect. To provide an overview and identify the articles that have gotten the most attention in the field of kidney transplantation, this bibliometric analysis was conducted to analyze the top 100 most cited articles in the Scopus database. The search terms \"kidney\" and \"renal\" and transplant-related words such as \"transplant,\" \"donor,\" \"recipient,\" and \"procurement\" were used to search the Scopus database. Articles up to the query date of December 21, 2022, were included, and all document types including articles, reviews, conference papers, editorials, book chapters, and meeting abstracts were analyzed. The analysis focused on authors, annual trends, journals, and countries. A total of 68,271 articles related to kidney transplantation were published in the Scopus database up to the search date of December 21, 2022. The top 100 cited papers had a total of 76,029 citations, with a mean citation count of 760.3 ± 284.6. The most cited article was a clinical practice guideline paper published by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Work Group. The top cited journals were the New England Journal of Medicine, Transplantation, and the American Journal of Transplantation. The most productive authors were primarily based in the United States, with the most frequently cited first author being Kasiske B.L. The greatest number of articles and citations were published between 2000 and 2005. This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the top cited articles in the field of kidney transplantation. The results highlight the most influential and impactful research, as well as the most productive authors, journals, and countries. These findings can be used to guide future research and support decision-making in funding and policy.

The rate of stroke-related death and disability is four times higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries (HICs), yet stroke units exist in only 18% of LMICs, compared with 91% of HICs. In order to ensure universal and equitable access to timely, guideline-recommended stroke care, multidisciplinary stroke-ready hospitals with coordinated teams of healthcare professionals and appropriate facilities are essential.Established in 2016, the Angels Initiative is an international, not-for-profit, public-private partnership. It is run in collaboration with the World Stroke Organization, European Stroke Organisation, and regional and national stroke societies in over 50 countries. The Angels Initiative aims to increase the global number of stroke-ready hospitals and to optimize the quality of existing stroke units. It does this through the work of dedicated consultants, who help to standardize care procedures and build coordinated, informed communities of stroke professionals. Angels consultants also establish quality monitoring frameworks using online audit platforms such as the Registry of Stroke Care Quality (RES-Q), which forms the basis of the Angels award system (gold/platinum/diamond) for all stroke-ready hospitals across the world.The Angels Initiative has supported over 1700 hospitals (>1000 in LMICs) that did not previously treat stroke patients to become \"stroke ready.\" Since its inception in 2016, the Angels Initiative has impacted the health outcomes of an estimated 7.46 million stroke patients globally (including an estimated 4.68 million patients in LMICs). The Angels Initiative has increased the number of stroke-ready hospitals in many countries (e.g. in South Africa: 5 stroke-ready hospitals in 2015 vs 185 in 2021), reduced \"door to treatment time\" (e.g. in Egypt: 50% reduction vs baseline), and increased quality monitoring substantially.The focus of the work of the Angels Initiative has now expanded from the hyperacute phase of stroke treatment to the pre-hospital setting, as well as to the early post-acute setting. A continued and coordinated global effort is needed to achieve the target of the Angels Initiative of >10,000 stroke-ready hospitals by 2030, and >7500 of these in LMICs.

The prevalence of food allergies varies by country, as does each country\'s food allergen labeling. While labeling laws may vary by country, most follow the Codex Alimentarius. Even developing countries have some degree of labeling guidelines for food allergies, but it is highly developed countries that tend to implement stricter labeling regulations to protect their citizens and tourists. Different organizations, both domestic and international, such as Food Allergy Research and Education (FARE), work to advance food allergen labeling laws around the globe. Eating out and traveling can be anxiety-provoking for people with food allergies, especially when traveling to international destinations. Furthermore, experiences that young children, teenagers, and parents have with food allergies can have psychosocial and social impacts. To evaluate food allergen labeling laws across the globe, official legal documents outlining the laws pertaining to foods and allergen food labeling were reviewed for each respective country or region. These were organized according to continent, then region or country. The majority of countries require that major food groups be listed on food labels, including milk, egg, soy, wheat, peanuts, treenuts, fish, and shellfish. There are individual variations across regions depending on staples in respective diets. With increasing rates of food allergies worldwide, legislative action is needed to ensure that people living with food allergies can more safely purchase and consume foods. Until then, the work of avoiding accidental ingestions and anaphylaxis remains primarily with the individual, who must educate themselves on labeling laws and implement other protective measures.

BACKGROUND: Mobile phone surveys provide a novel opportunity to collect population-based estimates of public health risk factors; however, nonresponse and low participation challenge the goal of collecting unbiased survey estimates.
OBJECTIVE: This study compares the performance of computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) and interactive voice response (IVR) survey modalities for noncommunicable disease risk factors in Bangladesh and Tanzania.
METHODS: This study used secondary data from a randomized crossover trial. Between June 2017 and August 2017, study participants were identified using the random digit dialing method. Mobile phone numbers were randomly allocated to either a CATI or IVR survey. The analysis examined survey completion, contact, response, refusal, and cooperation rates of those who received the CATI and IVR surveys. Differences in survey outcomes between modes were assessed using multilevel, multivariable logistic regression models to adjust for confounding covariates. These analyses were adjusted for clustering effects by mobile network providers.
RESULTS: For the CATI surveys, 7044 and 4399 phone numbers were contacted in Bangladesh and Tanzania, respectively, and 60,863 and 51,685 phone numbers, respectively, were contacted for the IVR survey. The total numbers of completed interviews in Bangladesh were 949 for CATI and 1026 for IVR and in Tanzania were 447 for CATI and 801 for IVR. Response rates for CATI were 5.4% (377/7044) in Bangladesh and 8.6% (376/4391) in Tanzania; response rates for IVR were 0.8% (498/60,377) in Bangladesh and 1.1% (586/51,483) in Tanzania. The distribution of the survey population was significantly different from the census distribution. In both countries, IVR respondents were younger, were predominantly male, and had higher education levels than CATI respondents. IVR respondents had a lower response rate than CATI respondents in Bangladesh (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.73, 95% CI 0.54-0.99) and Tanzania (AOR=0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.60). The cooperation rate was also lower with IVR than with CATI in Bangladesh (AOR=0.12, 95% CI 0.07-0.20) and Tanzania (AOR=0.28, 95% CI 0.14-0.56). Both in Bangladesh (AOR=0.33, 95% CI 0.25-0.43) and Tanzania (AOR=0.09, 95% CI 0.06-0.14), there were fewer completed interviews with IVR than with CATI; however, there were more partial interviews with IVR than with CATI in both countries.
CONCLUSIONS: There were lower completion, response, and cooperation rates with IVR than with CATI in both countries. This finding suggests that, to increase representativeness in certain settings, a selective approach may be needed to design and deploy mobile phone surveys to increase population representativeness. Overall, CATI surveys may offer a promising approach for surveying potentially under-represented groups like women, rural residents, and participants with lower levels of education in some countries.

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