背景:饮食与慢性病管理之间的关系已经确立。然而,目前尚不清楚慢性病患者在多大程度上关注营养信息并根据所获得的信息采取行动。我们评估了患有慢性疾病的成年人的菜单订购方法。
方法:我们分析了2018年健康信息国家趋势调查(HINTS5周期2)。我们的分析队列包括3,154名受访者(加权人口规模=228,464,822),他们回答了有关个人糖尿病史的问题。高血压,心脏病,和肥胖。他们还回答了有关他们的营养习惯的问题,例如他们是否注意到快餐店或坐下来餐厅的热量信息,以及这些信息如何影响他们的饮食选择。
结果:在患有这些慢性疾病的受访者中,只有肥胖患者更有可能关注热量信息(OR=1.56;95CI:1.06~2.31).然而,注意到卡路里信息与在所有类型的慢性病受访者中订购更少的卡路里无关。
结论:患有慢性疾病的美国成年人没有充分注意他们饮食中的卡路里信息。此外,对卡路里信息的认识并不影响他们的饮食选择.医疗保健专业人员应将饮食咨询纳入患者慢性病的管理中。
BACKGROUND: The relationship between diet and the management of chronic illnesses is well established. However, it is unknown the extent to which people with chronic illnesses pay attention to nutritional information and act upon the information obtained. We evaluated the menu ordering practices of adults with chronic illnesses.
METHODS: We analyzed the 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5 Cycle 2). Our analytic cohort included 3,154 respondents (weighted population size=228,464,822) who answered questions regarding a personal history of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and obesity. They also answered questions about their nutritional habits regarding whether they noticed caloric information at fast-food or sit-down restaurants and how that information influenced their dietary choices.
RESULTS: Among respondents with these chronic illnesses, only obese patients were significantly more likely to pay attention to caloric information (OR=1.56; 95%CI: 1.06-2.31). However, noticing the calorie information was not associated with ordering less calories among all categories of respondents with chronic illnesses.
CONCLUSIONS: US adults with chronic illnesses do not pay sufficient attention to the calorie information of their diet. Furthermore, awareness of the calorie information did not influence their dietary choices. Healthcare professionals should incorporate dietary counseling into the management of chronic illnesses of their patients.