血液凝固和癌症有内在联系,高凝相关的血栓并发症通常在某些类型的癌症中观察到,往往导致癌症患者生存率下降。除了在凝血中的共同作用,凝血蛋白酶通常通过激活G蛋白偶联受体超家族蛋白酶:蛋白酶激活受体(PAR)在各种癌症中触发细胞内信号传导。尽管PAR在某些类型癌症的发展和进展中的作用已经确立,它们对癌症免疫反应的影响才刚刚出现。本综述强调了凝血蛋白酶驱动的PAR信号如何在调节先天和适应性免疫反应中发挥关键作用。接下来详细讨论了凝血蛋白酶诱导的信号传导在癌症免疫逃避中的作用,从而支持某些肿瘤的生长和发展。这篇综述的一个特殊部分展示了凝血蛋白酶的作用,凝血酶,因子VIIa,和Xa因子在癌症免疫逃避中的作用。靶向凝血蛋白酶诱导的信号可能是一种潜在的治疗策略,以增强宿主对抗癌症的免疫监视机制。从而增强靶向免疫治疗方案的临床后果。
Blood coagulation and cancer are intrinsically connected, hypercoagulation-associated thrombotic complications are commonly observed in certain types of cancer, often leading to decreased survival in cancer patients. Apart from the common role in coagulation, coagulation proteases often trigger intracellular signaling in various cancers via the activation of a G protein-coupled receptor superfamily protease: protease-activated receptors (PARs). Although the role of PARs is well-established in the development and progression of certain types of cancer, their impact on cancer immune response is only just emerging. The present review highlights how coagulation protease-driven PAR signaling plays a key role in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses. This is followed by a detailed discussion on the contribution of coagulation protease-induced signaling in cancer immune evasion, thereby supporting the growth and development of certain tumors. A special section of the review demonstrates the role of coagulation proteases, thrombin, factor VIIa, and factor Xa in cancer immune evasion. Targeting coagulation protease-induced signaling might be a potential therapeutic strategy to boost the immune surveillance mechanism of a host fighting against cancer, thereby augmenting the clinical consequences of targeted immunotherapeutic regimens.