Chronic sternal osteomyelitis is a rare condition in felines, with limited reported cases to date.
We report the case of a 2-year-old castrated male, domestic shorthair cat, weighing 4.68 kg, that presented with skin openings every 3-4 months, despite skin debridement and reconstruction.
A subcutaneous dead space larger than the skin defect was detected. Haematological analysis revealed elevated levels of inflammatory markers. Thoracic radiography revealed sternal deformation and suspected osteomyelitis. Computed tomography revealed a fistula extending from the third to the fourth sternebrae.
Bone and soft tissue debridement and abscess flushing were performed along with long-term antibiotic therapy. The cat remained recurrence-free throughout an 18-month post-surgery follow-up period.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of chronic osteomyelitis occurring in a cat\'s sternebrae and represents the first successful case of its treatment. This case showcases the potential for improved treatment outcomes in similar cases. Understanding and successful treatment of such cases can pave the way for better management of feline osteomyelitis.

An 82-year-old man with untreated diabetes mellitus (DM) had anterior chest wall swelling and ulcers 2 years following blunt chest trauma. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed sternal fracture with osteolytic change and subcutaneous abscess. Blood and sternal cultures were positive for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Transesophageal echocardiogram showed vegetation on the right coronary cusp and moderate aortic regurgitation. The patient received a diagnosis of infective endocarditis associated with chronic sternal osteomyelitis complicated by subcutaneous abscess because of MSSA. This case report showed that trivial trauma in patients with uncontrolled DM can cause chronic sternal osteomyelitis resulting in infective endocarditis.