最近,无人机(UAV)或无人机已经成为我们社会中无处不在的组成部分。它们在经济的多种应用中表现出极大的多样性,商业,休闲,军事和学术目的。在过去的十年中,无人机行业已成为制造和实现融合的典范,通过整合多种技术提供协同作用。这是由于技术趋势和控制的快速进步,小型化,和计算机化,最终导致安全,轻量级,健壮,更容易接近和具有成本效益的无人机。无人机支持隐含的特殊性,包括进入受灾地区,快速的机动性,机载任务和有效载荷功能。尽管有这些吸引人的好处,由于飞行自主性方面的几个关键问题,无人机在可操作性方面面临限制,路径规划,电池耐久性,飞行时间和有限的有效载荷承载能力,直观地,不建议装载重物,如电池。因此,这项研究的主要目标是提供对无人机潜力的见解,以及它们的特性和功能问题。这项研究提供了对无人机的全面回顾,类型,成群的人,分类,收费方法和规定。此外,应用场景,还研究了潜在的挑战和安全问题。最后,确定了未来的研究方向,以进一步磨练研究工作。我们相信这些见解将为相关研究人员提供指导和动机。
Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones have emerged as a ubiquitous and integral part of our society. They appear in great diversity in a multiplicity of applications for economic, commercial, leisure, military and academic purposes. The drone industry has seen a sharp uptake in the last decade as a model to manufacture and deliver convergence, offering synergy by incorporating multiple technologies. It is due to technological trends and rapid advancements in control, miniaturization, and computerization, which culminate in secure, lightweight, robust, more-accessible and cost-efficient UAVs. UAVs support implicit particularities including access to disaster-stricken zones, swift mobility, airborne missions and payload features. Despite these appealing benefits, UAVs face limitations in operability due to several critical concerns in terms of flight autonomy, path planning, battery endurance, flight time and limited payload carrying capability, as intuitively it is not recommended to load heavy objects such as batteries. As a result, the primary goal of this research is to provide insights into the potentials of UAVs, as well as their characteristics and functionality issues. This study provides a comprehensive review of UAVs, types, swarms, classifications,
charging methods and regulations. Moreover, application scenarios, potential challenges and security issues are also examined. Finally, future research directions are identified to further hone the research work. We believe these insights will serve as guidelines and motivations for relevant researchers.