背景:藏绒山羊是高原适应和低氧并发症相关研究的有价值的模型,而这些山羊生产的羊绒是牧民的重要收入来源。这项研究的目的是研究藏绒山羊生产的细羊绒(平均纤维直径为12.20±0.03μm)和粗羊绒(平均纤维直径为14.67±0.05μm)的蛋白质丰度差异。我们通过对来自西藏绒山羊皮肤组织的蛋白质组和转录组数据集的综合分析,系统地研究了纤维直径的遗传决定因素。
结果:我们使用无标记蛋白质组学方法鉴定了1980种蛋白质。它们被注释到三个不同的数据库中,而1730个蛋白质被定位到转录组学研究的原始蛋白质编码基因(PCGs)。极细羊绒与羊绒的比较分析粗表型产生29种差异表达蛋白(DEP),例如,APOH,GANAB,AEBP1,CP,CPB2,GPR142,VTN,IMPA1,CTSZ,GLB1和HMCN1。这些DEP的功能富集分析显示它们参与氧化还原过程,细胞氧化还原稳态,新陈代谢,PI3K-Akt,MAPK,和Wnt信号通路。转录因子富集分析显示该蛋白主要属于NF-YB家族,HMG家族,CSD家族。我们进一步验证了四个DEP(GC,VTN,AEBP1和GPR142)通过蛋白质印迹,并认为它们是西藏绒山羊羊绒性状最有潜力的候选基因。
结论:这些分析表明,藏绒山羊羊绒纤维直径差异的主要生物学变异归因于与代谢相关的固有适应性,缺氧,和应激反应差异。本研究为藏绒山羊羊绒性状的育种策略提供了新的见解,并增强了对藏绒山羊羊绒性状生物学和遗传机制的理解。
BACKGROUND: Tibetan
cashmere goats are served as a valuable model for high altitude adaptation and hypoxia complications related studies, while the
cashmere produced by these goats is an important source of income for the herders. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in protein abundance underlying the fine (average 12.20 ± 0.03 μm of mean fiber diameter) and coarse cashmere (average 14.67 ± 0.05 μm of mean fiber diameter) producing by Tibetan
cashmere goats. We systematically investigated the genetic determinants of fiber diameter by integrated analysis with proteomic and transcriptomic datasets from skin tissues of Tibetan cashmere goats.
RESULTS: We identified 1980 proteins using a label-free proteomics approach. They were annotated to three different databases, while 1730 proteins were mapped to the original protein coding genes (PCGs) of the transcriptomic study. Comparative analyses of cashmere with extremely fine vs. coarse phenotypes yielded 29 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), for instance, APOH, GANAB, AEBP1, CP, CPB2, GPR142, VTN, IMPA1, CTSZ, GLB1, and HMCN1. Functional enrichment analysis of these DEPs revealed their involvement in oxidation-reduction process, cell redox homeostasis, metabolic, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and Wnt signaling pathways. Transcription factors enrichment analysis revealed the proteins mainly belong to NF-YB family, HMG family, CSD family. We further validated the protein abundance of four DEPs (GC, VTN, AEBP1, and GPR142) through western blot, and considered they were the most potential candidate genes for cashmere traits in Tibetan
cashmere goats.
CONCLUSIONS: These analyses indicated that the major biological variations underlying the difference of cashmere fiber diameter in Tibetan cashmere goats were attributed to the inherent adaptations related to metabolic, hypoxic, and stress response differences. This study provided novel insights into the breeding strategies for cashmere traits and enhance the understanding of the biological and genetic mechanisms of cashmere traits in Tibetan
cashmere goats.