颈动脉网是下部脊椎动物的颈外动脉和颈内动脉(ICA)之间的生理网络。然而,人类不存在真正的颈动脉网。这篇综述旨在将人类“网状络脉”的生理功能与较低的脊椎动物“网状”的生理功能进行对比。还讨论了人类颅内动脉中网状络脉发育的解释。retemirabile(颈动脉,椎骨,脊柱,和胸)在较低的脊椎动物中具有特定的生理作用,并且在人类中不会形成相同目的的脉管系统。因此,“retemirabile”一词不应用于人类报告的病例。相反,首选“树状抵押品”。在文学中,在ICA海绵状部分和硬膜内动脉中观察到网状或动脉吻合。基于分段概念的假设,它适用于ICA和颅内动脉。无论是在ICA中,大脑中动脉,大脑后动脉,或者小脑后下动脉,节段概念是相同的,应被认为是在节段性消退或受影响动脉发育不全后形成了次级络脉。总之,这篇综述的意义在于它重新评估了以前在人类中被描述为“颈动脉”的血管结构,这是一个真实和首选的术语,\"类似树状的抵押品\"。它还提供了与人类动脉形成相关的历史背景和潜在遗传因素的见解,有助于更好地理解人体血管解剖学。
The carotid rete is a physiological network between the external and internal carotid arteries (ICA) in lower vertebrates. However, true carotid rete does not exist in humans. This review aimed to contrast the physiological function of human \"rete-like collaterals\" with that of lower vertebrate \"rete mirabile\". An explanation for the development of rete-like collaterals in human intracranial arteries was also discussed. The rete mirabile (carotid, vertebral, spinal, and thoracic) in lower vertebrates has a specific physiological role and does not form vasculature for the same purpose in humans. Therefore, the term \"rete mirabile\" should not be used for cases reported in humans. Instead, \"rete-like collaterals\" is preferred. In the literature, rete-like or arterial anastomosis was observed in the ICA cavernous portion and the intradural arteries. Based on the hypothesis of the segmental concept, it applies to the ICA and intracranial arteries. Whether in the ICA, middle cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, or posterior inferior cerebellar artery, the segmental concept is the same and should be considered to have formed secondary collaterals after segmental regress or dysgenesis of affected arteries. Summarily, the significance of this review lies in its reevaluation of vascular structures previously described as \"carotid rete\" in humans to a true and preferred term, \"rete-like collaterals\". It also provides insights into the historical context and potential genetic factors associated with the formation of arteries in humans, contributing to a better understanding of human vascular anatomy.