心血管疾病(CVDs)是全球过早死亡和残疾的主要原因,导致医疗成本和经济压力大幅增加。在这种情况下,人工智能(AI)正在成为一项关键技术,承诺对心血管疾病的管理产生重大影响。可以使用广泛的方法来开发用于医疗应用的有效模型,涵盖从预测和诊断疾病到为个体患者确定最合适的治疗方法的所有内容。这篇文献综述综合了多项研究的结果,这些研究将机器学习算法和神经网络等人工智能技术应用于心电图,超声心动图,冠状动脉造影,计算机断层扫描,和心脏磁共振成像.对127篇文章的叙述性审查确定了31篇与该研究直接相关的论文,涵盖了人工智能在心脏病学中的广泛应用。这些应用程序包括用于ECG的AI模型,超声心动图,冠状动脉造影,计算机断层扫描,和心脏MRI旨在诊断各种心血管疾病,如冠状动脉疾病,肥厚型心肌病,心律失常,肺栓塞,和瓣膜病变。论文还探索了心血管风险评估的新方法,自动测量,优化治疗策略,展示人工智能技术在心脏病学中的优势。总之,人工智能(AI)在心脏病学中的集成有望在诊断和治疗心血管疾病方面取得实质性进展。
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of premature death and disability globally, leading to significant increases in healthcare costs and economic strains. Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a crucial technology in this context, promising to have a significant impact on the management of CVDs. A wide range of methods can be used to develop effective models for medical applications, encompassing everything from predicting and diagnosing diseases to determining the most suitable treatment for individual patients. This literature review synthesizes findings from multiple studies that apply AI technologies such as machine learning algorithms and neural networks to electrocardiograms, echocardiography, coronary angiography, computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. A narrative review of 127 articles identified 31 papers that were directly relevant to the research, encompassing a broad spectrum of AI applications in cardiology. These applications included AI models for ECG, echocardiography, coronary angiography, computed tomography, and cardiac MRI aimed at diagnosing various cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, pulmonary embolism, and valvulopathies. The papers also explored new methods for cardiovascular risk assessment, automated measurements, and optimizing treatment strategies, demonstrating the benefits of AI technologies in cardiology. In conclusion, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiology promises substantial advancements in diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases.