背景:近年来,大麻的使用有所增加。然而,使用大麻对大脑健康的长期影响仍然未知。我们探索了无痴呆老年人使用大麻与容积脑磁共振成像(MRI)测量的关联。
方法:这项横断面和纵向研究包括年龄≥60岁的英国生物银行的无痴呆参与者。线性回归模型用于评估大麻使用和使用方式与容积脑MRI测量的关联。还测试了大麻使用与大脑MRI测量随时间变化之间的关联。所有模型都针对潜在的混杂因素进行了调整。
结果:样本包括19,932名参与者(平均年龄68±5岁,48%的男性),3,800(19%)报告终生使用大麻。大麻的使用与较小的总量有关,白色,灰质和周围皮质灰质体积(B=-6,690±1,157;P<0.001,B=-4,396±766;P<0.001,B=-2,140±690;P=0.002和B=-2,451±606;P<0.001,分别)。在大麻使用者中,较长的使用时间与较小的总脑有关,灰质和皮质灰质体积(分别为B=-7,878±2,396;P=0.001,B=-5,411±1,430;P<0.001,B=-5,396±1,254;P<0.001),并且白质高强度体积增加(B=0.09±0.03;P=0.008)。此外,电流vs.前用户(B=-10,432±4,395;P=0.020)和频繁与非频繁用户(B=-2,274±1,125;P=0.043)的灰色和皮质灰质体积较小,分别。在大麻使用和脑MRI测量的变化之间没有观察到显着的关联。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,使用大麻,特别是持续时间较长和频繁使用,可能与老年人较小的灰质和白质体积有关,但不是晚年这些措施随时间的变化。
Cannabis use has increased in recent years. However, the long-term implications of cannabis use on brain health remain unknown. We explored the associations of cannabis use with volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures in dementia-free older adults.
This cross-sectional and longitudinal study included dementia-free participants of the UK Biobank aged ≥60 years. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association of cannabis use and patterns of use with volumetric brain MRI measures. The association between cannabis use and change in brain MRI measures over time was also tested. All models were adjusted for potential confounders.
The sample included 19,932 participants (mean age 68 ± 5 years, 48% men), 3,800 (19%) reported lifetime use of cannabis. Cannabis use was associated with smaller total, white, grey and peripheral cortical grey matter volumes (B = -6,690 ± 1,157; P < 0.001, B = -4,396 ± 766; P < 0.001, B = -2,140 ± 690; P = 0.002 and B = -2,451 ± 606; P < 0.001, respectively). Among cannabis users, longer duration of use was associated with smaller total brain, grey and cortical grey matter volumes (B = -7,878 ± 2,396; P = 0.001, B = -5,411 ± 1,430; P < 0.001, B = -5,396 ± 1,254; P < 0.001, respectively), and with increased white matter hyperintensity volume (B = 0.09 ± 0.03; P = 0.008). Additionally, current vs. former users (B = -10,432 ± 4,395; P = 0.020) and frequent versus non-frequent users (B = -2,274 ± 1,125; P = 0.043) had smaller grey and cortical grey matter volumes, respectively. No significant associations were observed between cannabis use and change in brain MRI measures.
Our findings suggest that cannabis use, particularly longer duration and frequent use, may be related to smaller grey and white matter volumes in older ages, but not to late-life changes in these measures over time.