二十五个要素,包括最重要和有毒的金属,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了储存在罐和瓶中的50个啤酒样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)和冷蒸气原子吸收光谱(CVAAS)技术。使用具有能量色散光谱的扫描电子显微镜(SEM-EDS)技术分析包装材料。控制单个金属的水平是必要的,不仅要保持产品的感官特性,但也要满足有关允许的最大浓度的标准。金属可以来自不同的来源,包括酿造水,麦芽谷物,啤酒花,附属物,水果,和香料。它们也可能来自啤酒厂设备的污染,即,船只和坦克,包括啤酒包装,储存和运输(小桶,桶,cans).判别分析揭示了三种啤酒(Lager,Ale,工艺)是可能的,根据元素浓度,使用Kruskal-Wallis检验选择后的数据集。对包装材料(罐或瓶)的影响的分析证明,当将此参数用作区分标准时,Na含量的差异,Al,可以指示Cu和Mn。风险评估分析表明,适量饮用啤酒在选定的元素浓度方面没有任何不利影响,除了Al然而,在Al的情况下,可以考虑与消费相关的风险,但只适用于储存在铝制罐中的啤酒。
Twenty-five elements, including the most essential and toxic metals, were determined in fifty beer samples stored in cans and bottles by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (CVAAS) techniques. The packaging material was analyzed using the Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) technique. The control of the level of individual metals is necessary, not only to maintain the organoleptic properties of the product, but also to fulfill the standards regarding the permissible maximum concentrations. Metals can originate from different sources, including the brewing water, malt grains, hops, adjuncts, fruits, and spices. They may also come from contamination from the brewery equipment, i.e., vessels and tanks, including beer packing, storing and transporting (kegs, casks, cans). Discriminant analysis revealed that the differentiation of three types of beer (Lager, Ale, Craft) was possible, based on elemental concentrations, for the reduced data set after their selection using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The analysis of the impact of the packaging material (can or
bottle) proved that when this parameter was used as a differentiating criterion, the difference in the content of Na, Al, Cu and Mn can be indicated. The risk assessment analysis showed that the consumption of beer in a moderate quantity did not have any adverse effect in terms of the selected element concentrations, besides Al. However, in the case of Al, the risk related to consumption can be considered, but only for the beer stored in cans produced from aluminum.