目的:性别烦躁不安的临床定义主要集中在性别的二元概念化上。这项研究旨在了解非二元跨个体的性别焦虑经历。方法:从由205名非二元和agender参与者组成的非临床样本中在线收集数据。分析集中在一个开放式问题的答案上,提示参与者描述他们的性别烦躁不安,因为这与他们的身体和/或外表有关。结果:第一,内容分析用于记录11个上下文元素,其中参与者描述了他们对三个总体类别的烦躁不安,包括没有性别焦虑(没有身体问题,没有烦躁不安),性别/性别方面(命名性别认同,命名指定的性别,性别角色,或表达式),和身体方面(身体形状,生殖器,胸部,第二性征,荷尔蒙,生殖能力)。第二,主题分析揭示了六个中心主题,描述了非二元个体经历性别焦虑的独特方式:(1)双性同体或流动性,(2)女性和男性特征,(3)烦躁不安与表情或外观,(4)改变或转移烦躁不安,(5)没有解决方案,和(6)权衡/损失。结论:这项研究的结果表明,非二元跨个体以独特的方式经历性别焦虑。这些发现强调了需要开发反映非二元经验的性别烦躁不安的临床评估,并概述了为实现预期的身体雌雄同体而量身定制的干预措施的明确医疗方案。
Purpose: Clinical definitions of gender dysphoria have primarily centered on a binary conceptualization of gender. This study aimed to understand nonbinary transindividuals\' experiences of gender dysphoria. Methods: Data were collected online from a nonclinical sample comprised of 205 nonbinary and agender participants. Analysis focused on answers to a single open-ended question prompting participants to describe their gender dysphoria as it relates to their body and/or appearance. Results: First, content analysis was used to document 11 contextual elements in which participants described their dysphoria with regard to three overarching categories, including no gender dysphoria (no issues with body, no dysphoria), aspects of gender/sex (naming gender identity, naming assigned sex, gender role, or expression), and aspects of body (body shape, genitals, chest, secondary sex characteristics, hormones, reproductive capability). Second, thematic analysis revealed six central themes describing the unique way gender dysphoria is experienced by nonbinary individuals: (1) Androgyny or Fluidity, (2) Feminine and Masculine Traits, (3) Dysphoria vs. Expression or Appearance, (4) Varying or Shifting Dysphoria, (5) No Solution, and (6) Trade-off/Loss. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that nonbinary transindividuals experience gender dysphoria in unique ways. These findings highlight the need to develop clinical assessments of gender dysphoria that reflect nonbinary experience, and to outline explicit medical protocols for interventions tailored to achieve a desired outcome of physical androgyny.