■探讨中国绝经后妇女骨质疏松的危险因素。
■本研究收集了2014年1月至2015年12月的所有患者数据。收集了三亚市和海南省524名绝经后妇女的基本信息和问卷。由内分泌学家对参与者进行问卷调查。使用空腹血液样本测量生化参数,在海南医院放射科用双能X线骨密度仪测量骨密度,解放军总医院.R值≤-2.5的参与者被诊断为骨质疏松症。删除每个因子的缺失值后,根据R值将334名参与者分为骨质疏松症组(n=35)和非骨质疏松症组(n=299)。
■参与者的平均年龄为60.8岁(范围:44-94岁)。在这项研究中纳入的334名绝经后妇女中,35例(10.5%)被诊断为骨质疏松症。单因素分析显示年龄差异有统计学意义,BMI,工作类型,碱性磷酸酶,吸烟多年,血钙水平,后凸畸形,骨折,两组间哮喘发生率比较(P<0.05)。此外,多因素logistic分析显示,年龄(比值比[OR]:1.185,95%置信区间[CI]:1.085~1.293,P<0.001)和后凸次数(OR:1.468,95%CI:1.076~2.001,P=0.015)与绝经后骨质疏松呈正相关,而BMI(OR:0.717,95%CI:0.617-0.832,P<0.001),血钙水平(OR:0.920,95%CI:0.854-0.991,P=0.027),维生素D水平(OR:0.787,95%CI:0.674-0.918,P=0.002),户外活动时间(OR:0.556,95%CI:0.338~0.915,P=0.021)与绝经后骨质疏松呈负相关。
■低BMI,血钙和维生素D水平,后凸时间,和户外活动时间是绝经后妇女骨质疏松的独立危险因素。
To explore the risk factors of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in China.
This study collected all patient data from January 2014 to December 2015. Basic information and questionnaires were collected from 524 postmenopausal women in Sanya and Hainan Province. The questionnaire was administered to the enrolled participants by endocrinologists. Biochemical parameters were measured using fasting blood samples, and bone density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at the department of radiology of Hainan hospital, PLA General Hospital. Participants with an R-value of ≤-2.5 were diagnosed with osteoporosis. After deleting missing values for each factor, 334 participants were divided into the osteoporosis (n=35) and non-osteoporosis (n=299) groups according to the R-values.
The participants had a median age of 60.8 years (range: 44-94 years). Among the 334 postmenopausal women included in this study, 35 (10.5%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in age, BMI, type of work, alkaline phosphatase, years of smoking, blood calcium levels, kyphosis, fracture, and asthma between the two groups (P<0.05). In addition, multivariate logistic analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.185, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.085-1.293, P<0.001) and kyphosis times (OR:1.468, 95% CI: 1.076-2.001, P=0.015) were positively correlated with postmenopausal osteoporosis, whereas BMI (OR: 0.717, 95% CI: 0.617-0.832, P<0.001), blood calcium levels (OR: 0.920, 95% CI: 0.854-0.991, P=0.027), vitamin D levels (OR: 0.787, 95% CI: 0.674-0.918, P=0.002), and outdoor activity time (OR: 0.556, 95% CI: 0.338-0.915, P=0.021) were negatively correlated with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Low BMI, blood calcium and vitamin D levels, kyphosis time, and outdoor activity time are independent risk factors for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.