抗生素耐药性是一个世界性问题,对发展中国家造成毁灭性影响,需要立即采取干预措施。最初,大多数抗生素药物是通过培养土壤微生物来鉴定的。然而,这种方法容易重复发现相同的抗生素。本研究采用shot弹枪宏基因组学方法来研究分类学多样性,功能潜力,以及来自埃塞俄比亚Bekeka和WelmeraChokeKebelle的两个天然农田的微生物组的生物合成能力。对小亚基rRNA的分析显示,在两个选定的自然农田中,细菌结构域分别占83.33%和87.24%。此外,分析显示,变形杆菌占27.27%和28.79%,其次是放线菌占12.73%和13.64%的门组成。此外,分析显示研究样品中存在未分配的细菌。宏基因组功能分析显示,来自两个样品的176,961和104,636个蛋白质编码序列(pCDS)与172,655和102,275个InterPro条目相匹配,分别。基因组本体论注释表明存在分配给“生物合成过程”的5517和3293pCDS。鉴定了许多参与萜类和聚酮生物合成的基因和基因组模块(KEGG模块)的京都百科全书。此外,已知和新颖的生物合成基因簇,负责次级代谢产物的产生,如聚酮化合物合酶,非核糖体肽合成酶,核糖体合成和翻译后修饰的肽(Ripp),和萜烯,被发现了。一般来说,从结果可以得出结论,选定采样点的微生物群具有次生代谢产物生物合成的潜在功能。总的来说,这项研究可以在将新抗生素推向市场的漫长旅程中迈出重要的第一步。
Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem that imposes a devastating effect on developing countries and requires immediate interventions. Initially, most of the antibiotic drugs were identified by culturing soil microbes. However, this method is prone to discovering the same antibiotics repeatedly. The present study employed a shotgun metagenomics approach to investigate the taxonomic diversity, functional potential, and biosynthetic capacity of microbiomes from two natural agricultural farmlands located in Bekeka and Welmera Choke Kebelle in Ethiopia for the first time. Analysis of the small subunit rRNA revealed bacterial domain accounting for 83.33% and 87.24% in the two selected natural farmlands. Additionally, the analysis showed the dominance of Proteobacteria representing 27.27% and 28.79% followed by Actinobacteria making up 12.73% and 13.64% of the phyla composition. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the presence of unassigned bacteria in the studied samples. The metagenome functional analysis showed 176,961 and 104, 636 number of protein-coding sequences (pCDS) from the two samples found a match with 172,655 and 102, 275 numbers of InterPro entries, respectively. The Genome ontology annotation suggests the presence of 5517 and 3293 pCDS assigned to the \"biosynthesis process\". Numerous Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes modules (KEGG modules) involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides were identified. Furthermore, both known and novel Biosynthetic gene clusters, responsible for the production of secondary metabolites, such as polyketide synthases, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase, ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (Ripp), and Terpene, were discovered. Generally, from the results it can be concluded that the microbiomes in the selected sampling sites have a hidden functional potential for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Overall, this study can serve as a strong preliminary step in the long journey of bringing new antibiotics to the market.