双目竞争是一个迷人的,广泛研究的视觉现象,其中感知在两个相互竞争的图像之间交替。这次经历,然而,通常仅限于实验室设置,其中两个不可调和的图像分别呈现给两只眼睛,两个对象占据相同物理位置的不合理几何体。这样的实验室体验与日常视觉行为形成鲜明对比,几乎从未遇到过竞争,质疑竞争是否与我们对日常双目视觉的理解有关。为了研究双眼竞争的外部效度,我们使用自然主义的方法操纵了竞争对手图像的几何合理性,线索丰富,在虚拟现实中创建的3D走廊模型。竞争对手的刺激在几何上令人难以置信,半似是而非,或合理的布局。参与者跟踪了这三种布局中的竞争波动,以及静态和移动的竞争对手刺激。结果显示,无论几何合理性和刺激类型如何,都有显着和规范的双眼竞争交替。竞争发生在反映实验室研究中使用的不自然几何体的布局和模仿现实世界遮挡几何体的布局。在互补的3D建模分析中,我们表明,在包含多个对象的视觉场景中,由几何上合理的遮挡引起的眼间冲突是常见的结果。一起,我们的发现表明,对于几何上不合理的眼间冲突和由常见形式的自然闭塞引起的冲突,双眼竞争都可以可靠地发生。因此,双目竞争的关键特征不仅仅是实验室工件,而是概括到与日常双目视觉几何形状相匹配的条件。
Binocular rivalry is a fascinating, widely studied visual phenomenon in which perception alternates between two competing images. This experience, however, is generally restricted to laboratory settings where two irreconcilable images are presented separately to the two eyes, an implausible geometry where two objects occupy the same physical location. Such laboratory experiences are in stark contrast to everyday visual behavior, where rivalry is almost never encountered, casting doubt on whether rivalry is relevant to our understanding of everyday binocular vision. To investigate the external validity of binocular rivalry, we manipulated the geometric plausibility of rival images using a naturalistic, cue-rich, 3D-corridor model created in virtual reality. Rival stimuli were presented in geometrically implausible, semi-plausible, or plausible layouts. Participants tracked rivalry fluctuations in each of these three layouts and for both static and moving rival stimuli. Results revealed significant and canonical binocular rivalry alternations regardless of geometrical plausibility and stimulus type. Rivalry occurred for layouts that mirrored the unnatural geometry used in laboratory studies and for layouts that mimicked real-world occlusion geometry. In a complementary 3D modeling analysis, we show that interocular conflict caused by geometrically plausible occlusion is a common outcome in a visual scene containing multiple objects. Together, our findings demonstrate that binocular rivalry can reliably occur for both geometrically implausible interocular conflicts and conflicts caused by a common form of naturalistic occlusion. Thus, key features of binocular rivalry are not simply laboratory artifacts but generalize to conditions that match the geometry of everyday binocular vision.