收获前喷洒苯并噻二唑(BTH)可以提高葡萄的酿酒性能,尤其是它们的芳香化合物和酚类物质.有限的研究探索了BTH在葡萄早期发育过程中影响葡萄香气前体积累的分子机制。本研究研究了通过全株喷施0.37mMBTH对赤霞珠葡萄成熟过程中香气代谢前体积累和基因表达的影响和假定的分子机制。结果表明,BTH处理增加了果糖的水平,丙氨酸,天冬氨酸,苏氨酸,肉豆蔻酸,肉豆蔻油酸,棕榈酸,β-隐黄质,去甲异戊二烯类和甲氧基吡嗪。相反,它降低了葡萄糖的水平,蔗糖,苯丙氨酸,酪氨酸,亮氨酸,缬氨酸,甘氨酸,精氨酸组氨酸,总不饱和脂肪酸(特别是亚油酸),玉米黄质,叶黄素,有机酸。此外,BTH上调与氨基酸产生和降解相关的基因的表达,脂肪酸,和类胡萝卜素,同时降低参与可溶性糖和有机酸合成和降解的基因的表达。十种不同的代谢物,包括富马酸,被鉴定为区分BTH处理的葡萄与对照葡萄的潜在生物学标记。研究表明,BTH处理对香气代谢前体的浓度和发育模式有重大影响。此外,它通过调节与代谢物产生和分解相关的基因,改变了赤霞珠葡萄的酿酒特性。
Pre-harvest spraying of
benzothiadiazole (BTH) can improve the winemaking properties of grapes, especially their aroma compounds and phenolics. Limited research has explored the molecular mechanisms by which BTH influences the accumulation of grape aroma precursors during early grape development. This study investigated the effects and putative molecular mechanisms of applying 0.37 mM BTH through whole-plant spraying on the accumulation of aroma metabolism precursors and gene expression in Cabernet Gernischt grapes during ripening. The results showed that BTH treatment increased the levels of fructose, alanine, aspartate, threonine, myristic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitic acid, β-cryptoxanthin, norisoprenoids and methoxypyrazines. Contrarily, it decreased the levels of glucose, sucrose, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, valine, glycine, arginine, histidine, total unsaturated fatty acids (particularly linoleic acid), zeaxanthin, lutein, and organic acids. Additionally, BTH upregulated the expression of genes associated with the production and degradation of amino acids, fatty acids, and carotenoids while decreasing the expression of genes involved in the synthesis and degradation of soluble sugars and organic acids. Ten different metabolites, including fumaric acid, were identified as potential biological markers for distinguishing BTH-treated grapes from control grapes. The study demonstrates that BTH treatment had a substantial impact on the concentration and developmental patterns of aroma metabolism precursors. Furthermore, it altered the winemaking characteristics of Cabernet Gernischt grapes by modulating genes associated with the production and breakdown of metabolites.