NA.

UNASSIGNED: This review aims to discuss the role and efficacy of Sacituzumab Govitecan in the management of breast cancer.
UNASSIGNED: Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women worldwide. This comprehensive review delves into the advancements brought about by Sacituzumab Govitecan in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). With a focus on its mode of action, efficacious role, clinical trials, and comparative advantages over conventional chemotherapy, the review highlights the therapy\'s precision in targeting cancer cells through monoclonal antibodies. Sacituzumab Govitecan\'s ability to deliver a chemotherapeutic payload specifically to cancer cells with the Trop-2 receptor sets it apart from traditional chemotherapy, minimizing collateral damage and reducing severe side effects. The impact of Sacituzumab Govitecan on improving progression-free survival, tumor response rates, and, significantly, the quality of life for patients is discussed. This article also sheds light on ongoing trials, FDA recognition, and the therapy\'s potential to transform breast cancer treatment.
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion, Sacituzumab Govitecan shows potential as an innovative therapeutic option for breast cancer, particularly in metastatic breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, but it warrants additional research.

HER2 amplification is one of the mechanisms that induce drug resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer. In recent years, data from several randomized clinical trials show that anti-HER2 therapies improved the prognosis of patients with HER2-positive colorectal cancer. These results indicate that HER2 is a promising therapeutic target in advanced colorectal cancer. Despite the anti-HER2 therapies including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates improving the outcomes, less than 30 % of the patients achieve objective response and eventually have drug resistance. It is necessary to explore the primary and secondary mechanisms for the resistance to anti-HER2 therapies, which will pave the way to overcome the drug resistance. Several studies have reported the potential mechanisms for the resistance to anti-HER2 therapies. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in clinical research, mechanisms of treatment resistance, and strategies for reversing resistance in HER2-positive colorectal cancer patients.

UNASSIGNED: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is a seriousadverse event (AE) associated with the use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).This study aims to delve deeply into the signals of AE associated with ILDlinked to ADCs using data mining methods.
UNASSIGNED: A retrospective analysis was conducted on AEreports related to ADCs and ILD from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourthquarter of 2023 based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)database. Signal mining was performed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR)method and the multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS) method. Data management, analysis, andvisualization were carried out using Python (Version 3.8), R software (Version4.2.1), and MySQL (Version 8.0.34).
UNASSIGNED: A total of 1389 AE reports related to ILD with eleventypes of ADCs as the primary suspected drugs were obtained. The age groups mostrepresented in these reports were 61-80 age group and 41-60 age group. Trastuzumab deruxtecan had the most ofreports. The data mining results indicated that ILD-related AE signals weredetected for eleven ADCs in the study. Trastuzumab deruxtecan showed thestrongest signals in both for ROR and MGPS methods. The median onset time ofADCs associated with ILD vary from 8 days to 207 days.
UNASSIGNED: The signals of ILD AE associated with ADCs arenotably strong. ILD should be closely monitored and assessed in the clinicaluse of ADCs taking full account of the efficacy and risks of the drugs as wellas the specific conditions of the patients.

The field of cancer treatment has evolved significantly over the last decade with the emergence of next-generation therapeutic antibodies. Conventional treatments like chemotherapy pose significant challenges, including adverse side effects. Monoclonal antibodies have paved the way for more targeted and effective interventions. The evolution from chimeric to humanized and fully human antibodies has led to a reduction in immunogenicity and enhanced tolerance in vivo. The advent of next-generation antibodies, including bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, antibody-drug conjugates, glyco-engineered antibodies, and antibody fragments, represents a leap forward in cancer therapy. These innovations offer increased potency, adaptability, and reduced drug resistance. Challenges such as target validation, immunogenicity, and high production costs exist. However, technological advancements in antibody engineering techniques provide optimism for addressing these issues. The future promises a paradigm shift, where ongoing research will propel these powerful antibodies to the forefront, revolutionizing the fight against cancer and creating new preventive and curative treatments. This review provides an overview of three next-generation antibody-based molecules, namely bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and nanobodies that have shown promising results in cancer treatment. It discusses the evolution of antibodies from conventional forms to next-generation molecules, along with their applications in cancer treatment, production methods, and associated challenges. The review aims to offer researchers insights into the evolving landscape of next-generation antibody-based cancer therapeutics and their potential to revolutionize treatment strategies.

Systemic treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder requires complex approaches and is constantly evolving. Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy remains the current standard of care for muscle-invasive advanced bladder cancer. For patients ineligible for cisplatin, adjuvant treatment with nivolumab is recommended. Innovative perioperative combinations could transform the treatment landscape in the future. First-line treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma has long been dominated by platinum-based combinations, recently followed by the immune checkpoint inhibitor avelumab as maintenance therapy; however, recent results on the use of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab in the first-line setting are expected to fundamentally change the treatment options. In subsequent lines of treatment, the not yet approved erdafitinib, as the first targeted therapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma, offers an important alternative and underscores the need for molecular testing.
UNASSIGNED: Die Systemtherapie des Urothelkarzinoms der Harnblase erfordert komplexe Ansätze und befindet sich im stetigen Wandel. Die neoadjuvante cisplatinbasierte Chemotherapie, gefolgt von radikaler Zystektomie, bleibt der aktuelle Therapiestandard des muskelinvasiven, fortgeschrittenen Harnblasenkarzinoms. Für cisplatinungeeignete Patienten wird eine adjuvante Therapie mit Nivolumab empfohlen. Innovative perioperative Kombinationen könnten die Therapielandschaft in Zukunft verändern. Die Erstlinientherapie des metastasierten Urothelkarzinoms wurde lange durch platinhaltige Kombinationen geprägt, zuletzt gefolgt vom Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitor Avelumab als Erhaltungstherapie. Doch die jüngsten Ergebnisse zum Einsatz von Enfortumab-Vedotin und Pembrolizumab in der Erstlinie werden die Therapieoptionen grundlegend verändern. Auch in den Folgelinien bietet das noch nicht zugelassene Erdafitinib als erste zielgerichtete Therapie für das fortgeschrittene Urothelkarzinom eine wichtige Alternative und unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit molekularer Testungen.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new and emerging category of oncologic treatments that combine the target specificity of a monoclonal antibody with a cytotoxic payload. These drugs are associated with unique cutaneous toxicities that vary across agents. Currently, there are eleven ADCs with regulatory approval for solid and liquid tumors and over 80 ADCs currently in clinical development, it is critical for dermatologists to recognize and appropriately mitigate the cutaneous toxicities associated with these therapies. This clinical review will summarize the novel mechanisms and indications of approved ADCs, discuss dermatologic toxicities demonstrated in clinical trials and post-marketing studies, and impart recognition and management guidance when encountering these reactions to help maintain patients safely and comfortably on their medications.

The rapid growth of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies demands greater accessibility to scalable methods of evaluating antigen binding. Homogenous TR-FRET is ideal for preliminary screening but has not been reported to assay these interactions due to their high-affinity and complex solution-phase kinetics. Here we report the development of a competition assay to rank-order the relative affinities of these drugs for a common antigen. The assay is compatible with automation, requires no modification of the analytes, and measures affinities as low as single-digit picomolar. We further demonstrate applications to inform the development of antibody-drug conjugates. The assay may aid discovery and manufacturing of therapeutic antibodies as a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to existing technologies.

Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) malignancies constitute a highly aggressive group of cancers that have a dismal prognosis. Patients not amenable to curative intent surgical resection are managed with systemic chemotherapy which, however, confers little survival benefit. Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are tripartite compounds that merge the intricate selectivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the cytodestructive potency of attached supertoxic payloads. In view of the unmet need for drugs that will enhance the survival rates of HPB cancer patients, the assessment of ADCs for treating HPB malignancies has become the focus of extensive clinical and preclinical investigation, showing encouraging preliminary results. In the current review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the growing body of evidence on ADC approaches tested for HPB malignancies. Starting from a concise discussion of the functional principles of ADCs, we summarize here all available data from preclinical and clinical studies evaluating ADCs in HPB cancers.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an effective class of agents for the treatment of several tumor types, including breast cancer (BC), featuring approved molecules such as trastuzumab-emtansine, trastuzumab-deruxtecan, and sacituzumab-govitecan. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) also showed activity in selected BC subtypes, and two agents, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, are currently approved for the treatment of triple-negative BC patients. The potential synergy between ADCs and immunotherapy in BC remains an area of active investigation. Preclinical studies suggest that ADCs promote immune surveillance, modulating tumor microenvironment, inducing immunogenic cell death, and enhancing antitumor immunity. Translational evidence has shown potential predictive biomarkers for ADCs alone or in combination with immunotherapy, including expression of target antigen, oncogenic pathways, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Given this background, several clinical trials evaluated ADC-ICI combinations in BC patients, demonstrating promising outcomes with an overall manageable toxicity profile, and many studies are currently ongoing to confirm the efficacy and feasibility of this therapeutic approach. In the present review, we summarized the available evidence about the integration of ADCs and immunotherapy for the management of BC, emphasizing the need for further translational and clinical investigations to optimize this treatment strategy and elucidate predictive biomarkers, eventually improving patient outcomes.