增加对大西洋鲑鱼(Salmosalar)可遗传性状的了解对于克服鲑鱼水产养殖的瓶颈很重要。大西洋鲑鱼种群,既内陆又无房性,代表一个有趣的模型,以深入了解Anadromy相关特征,最值得注意的是,压制的可能性。虽然先前的研究已经确定了多个基因组区域,在整个物种范围内,祖先和内陆种群之间存在差异,本研究进一步探索了这些数据,目的是发现这些基因组区域中的一些是否与与渗透相关的有益遗传特征有关。在这项研究中,对来自36个同胞家庭的669个无缘鲑鱼中的17个基因座进行了监测,这些家庭是在普通花园条件下饲养的。计算了摩尔指数,使用多个视觉标记,并提供了一种评估硫化阶段的方法。一个SNP,位于Ssa04中,显示出与闷烧概率的显着关联,与无瘤变体(AA)的纯合相比,内陆变体(LL)的纯合个体在一个冬天后表现出的渗透化概率降低。这种影响与个体鱼的大小无关。一项单独的普通花园研究包括200名来自无瘤或内陆菌株的个体,表明ncor1的表达水平,ncor1是一种甲状腺介质激素,位于同一染色体区域(Ssa04),在内陆地区个体中,糖化后的数量显着减少,但在其厌氧对应物中保持不变。因此,这项研究表明,虽然大小仍然是最重要的触发因素,诱导的渗透,在剥夺SW转移的年份中,也可能存在“丢失”的其他遗传成分或触发因素。总之,这里确定的LL基因型可能被行业用来延迟糖化,也可能是大西洋鲑鱼糖化遗传调控的第一个线索之一。
Increased knowledge of heritable traits in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) is important to overcome bottlenecks in salmonid aquaculture. Atlantic salmonid populations, both landlocked and
anadromous, represent an interesting model to gain insight into anadromy related traits, most notably, the probability to smoltify. While a previous study has identified several genomic regions diverging between
anadromous and landlocked populations across the species range, the present study explores these data further with the aim to uncover if some of these genomic regions are linked to beneficial genetic traits associated with smoltification. In this study 17 of these loci were monitored in 669
anadromous salmon originating from 36 full-sibling families that had been reared under common garden conditions. The Smolt Index was calculated, using multiple visual markers, and provided a means of assessing smoltification stage. One SNP, located in Ssa04, showed a significant association with probability to smoltify, where individuals homozygous for the landlocked variant (LL) displayed a decrease in probability of smoltifying after one winter when compared with the homozygous for the
anadromous variant (AA). This effect was independent of individual fish size. A separate common garden study comprising 200 individuals from either
anadromous or landlocked strains showed that expression levels of ncor1, a thyroid mediator hormone located on the same chromosomal region (Ssa04), were significantly reduced in landlocked individuals post smoltification but remained constant in their anadromous counterparts. This study therefore suggests that while size is still the most important trigger for the induction of smoltification, there may also be an additional genetic component or trigger that has been \'lost\' during the years deprived of SW transfer. In conclusion, the LL genotype identified here could potentially be used by the industry to delay smoltification and may also represent one of the first clues to the genetic regulation of smoltification in Atlantic salmon.