高血压是导致疾病负担的主要危险因素,2015年,超过2亿个残疾调整生命年归因于高血压。虽然室外空气污染与心血管疾病有关,燃烧产物暴露于空气污染对高血压的联合影响很少被研究。我们进行了横断面分析,以探讨与燃烧相关的空气污染与高血压之间的关系。普查地区九种化石燃料和与燃烧有关的空气毒物的环境浓度水平(联苯,萘,多环有机物,柴油排放,1,3-丁二烯,乙醛,苯,丙烯醛,和甲醛)来自2005年国家空气毒物评估数据库,来自2005年监测数据的NO2与姐妹研究队列中47,467名妇女的基线居住地址相关联。登记(2003-2009)时的高血压定义为高收缩压(≥140mmHg)或舒张压(≥90mmHg)或服用抗高血压药物。我们使用对数二项回归和基于分位数的g计算来估计化石燃料和燃烧相关的空气污染对高血压的个体和联合影响。比较最高和最低的四分位数,柴油排放(流行率(PR)=1.05,95%置信区间(CI)=1.01,1.08),1,3-丁二烯(PR=1.04,95CI=1.00,1.07),乙醛(PR=1.08,95CI=1.04,1.12),苯(PR=1.05,95CI=1.02,1.08),甲醛(PR=1.08,95CI=1.04,1.11),和NO2(PR=1.08,95CI=1.05,1.12)分别与较高的高血压患病率相关。将所有环境空气毒物和NO2增加一个四分位数的联合作用的PR为1.02(95CI=1.01,1.04)。协会因种族/族裔而异,在报告种族/种族的女性中观察到更强的关联(西班牙裔/拉丁裔,非西班牙裔黑人和其他),而非西班牙裔白人。总之,我们发现化石燃料和燃烧造成的空气污染可能是高血压的危险因素。
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for disease burden, with more than 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributed to high blood pressure in 2015. While outdoor air pollution is associated with cardiovascular disease, the joint effect of exposure to air pollution from combustion products on hypertension has rarely been studied. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to explore the association between combustion-related air pollution and hypertension. Census-tract levels of ambient concentrations of nine fossil-fuel and combustion-related air toxics (biphenyl, naphthalene, polycyclic organic matter, diesel emissions, 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, benzene, acrolein, and formaldehyde) from the 2005 National Air Toxics Assessment database and NO2 from 2005 monitoring data were linked to baseline residential addresses of 47,467 women in the Sister Study cohort. Hypertension at enrollment (2003-2009) was defined as high systolic (≥140 mm Hg) or diastolic (≥90 mm Hg) blood pressure or taking antihypertensive medication. We used log-binomial regression and quantile-based g-computation to estimate the individual and joint effects of fossil-fuel and combustion-related air pollution on hypertension. Comparing the highest to lowest quartiles, diesel emissions (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01,1.08), 1,3-butadiene (PR = 1.04, 95%CI = 1.00,1.07), acetaldehyde (PR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.04,1.12), benzene (PR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.02,1.08), formaldehyde (PR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.04,1.11), and NO2 (PR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.05,1.12) were individually associated with higher prevalence of hypertension. The PR for the joint effect of increasing all ambient air toxics and NO2 by one quartile was 1.02 (95%CI = 1.01,1.04). Associations varied by race/ethnicity, with stronger associations observed among women reporting races/ethnicities (Hispanic/Latina, non-Hispanic Black and other) other than non-Hispanic White. In conclusion, we found that air pollution from fossil fuel and combustion may be a risk factor for hypertension.