肠孢子虫在世界范围内被认为是人类和动物的微孢子虫物种。关于青藏高原地区青海湖周围牲畜和野生动物中E.bieneusi的患病率和基因型的报道有限,共享水源,草原,和高海拔恶劣的气候。在这项研究中,110只藏羊的粪便样本,128牦牛,227只野生鸟类,收集了青海湖周围的96只蓝羊(Pseudoisnayaur)和268只普zewalski瞪羚(Procapraprzewalskii),然后通过基于核糖体内部转录间隔区的PCR和测序分析检测E.bieneusi。其中,10份(9.09%)藏羊样本,五名(3.91%)来自牦牛,五只(2.20%)来自野生鸟类,一只(1.04%)来自野生蓝羊,两只(0.75%)来自普氏的瞪羚,对E.bieneusi呈阳性。在绵羊中,有9种E.bieneusi基因型,包括两种已知的基因型(BEB6和J),和七个新的基因型(命名为CHS18-CHS24)。从牦牛身上,确定了四种基因型,包括两个已知的基因型(BEB4和J)和两个新的基因型(命名为CHN15和CHN16)。在野生动物中,发现了八种基因型,包括五种不同的野生投标基因型,具有三种已知的基因型(EbpC,J和NCF2),两种新的基因型(命名为CHWB1和CHS24),和两种基因型来自普氏的瞪羚,一个已知的J基因型和一个新的基因型CHWPG1,一个新的基因型CHWBS1来自蓝羊。根据系统发育分析,5株分离株属于第1组,其余分离株属于第2组。本研究提供了青藏高原环青海湖地区驯养家畜和野生动物中比涅乌斯的流行病学报告和潜在危险因素的独特数据;这对于更好地了解青藏高原地区比涅乌斯的分子流行病学和人畜共患潜力具有重要意义。
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is considered to be a microsporidial species of humans and animals in the worldwide. Limited data have been reported on the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in livestock and wild animals around Qinghai Lake in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area, which shares water sources, grasslands, and harsh climate with high altitudes. In this study, fecal samples from 110 Tibetan sheep, 128 yaks, 227 wild birds, 96 blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) and 268 Przewalski\'s gazelle (Procapra przewalskii) around Qinghai Lake were collected, and then tested for E. bieneusi by PCR and sequencing analysis based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. Among them, ten (9.09%) samples from Tibetan sheep, five (3.91%) from yaks, five (2.20%) from wild birds, one (1.04%) from wild blue sheep and two (0.75%) from Przewalski\'s gazelle were positive for E. bieneusi. Among sheep, there were nine E. bieneusi genotypes, including two known genotypes (BEB6 and J), and seven novel genotypes (named CHS18-CHS24). From yaks, four genotypes were identified, including two known ones (BEB4 and J) and two novel genotypes (named CHN15 and CHN16). While in wild animals, eight genotypes were found, including five different genotypes from wild bids, with three known genotypes (EbpC, J and NCF2), two novel genotypes (named CHWB1 and CHS24), and two genotypes from Przewalski\'s gazelle, with one known genotype J and one novel genotype CHWPG1, and one novel genotype CHWBS1 from blue sheep. According to the phylogenetic analysis, five isolates belonged to group 1, and the others were clustered into group 2. This study provides unique data on the epidemiological reports and potential risk factors for E. bieneusi in both domesticated livestock and wild animals around Qinghai Lake in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area; it is important to better understand the molecular epidemiology and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area.