目前,栗子因其丰富的营养功能而备受消费者关注,但对热加工对其营养价值影响的系统评价仍然有限。在这项工作中,根据微观结构特性的结果,湿热处理(HMT)可以提高整个板栗粉(CN)中淀粉结构的总有序度,并促进抗酶成分的形成,然后进行了体外实验,证实HMT可以显着降低CN的预测血糖指数(pGI)从75.6降低到64.3,并将其膳食纤维含量从7.06提高到13.42g/100g(p<0.05)。根据肠道微生物群及其代谢产物的变化,讨论了在高脂饮食(HFD)消耗小鼠上补充CN和热湿处理的CN(HMT-CN)的进一步饮食干预研究。结果表明,CN和HMT-CN均能明显抵抗HFD引起的体重增加,HMT-CN具有较好的血脂调节作用。然而,它们对肠道代谢途径有不同的影响,其中CN通过促进Dubosiella的增殖来抑制硬脂胺的产生,虽然HMT-CN促进了夏氏梭菌的生长,Desulfovibrio,和Faecalibaculum刺激相关代谢物的形成,包括jwh-018-d11,戊酰脯氨酸,tetranor-12(S)-HETE,和PA(3:0/18:0)。总的来说,这些发现可为CN在食品工业加工中的有效利用提供基础数据。
Currently, chestnuts attract more attention among consumers due to its rich nutritional functions, but systematic evaluation on the effect of thermal processing on its nutritional value is still limited. In this work, based on results of microstructural properties that heat-moisture treatment (HMT) could enhance the total ordered degree of starch structure in whole chestnut flour (CN) and promote the formation of anti-enzymatic component, in vitro experiment was then conducted and confirmed that HMT could significantly reduce the predicted glycemic index (pGI) of CN from 75.6 to 64.3 and improve its dietary fiber content from 7.06 to 13.42 g/100 g (p < 0.05). Further dietary intervention studies with CN and heat-moisture treated CN (HMT-CN) supplementation on the high-fat diet (HFD) consuming mice were discussed in terms of gut microbiota and its metabolites changes. The results showed that both CN and HMT-CN significantly resisted the weight gain induced by HFD, while HMT-CN had better serum lipid regulation effect. However, they had different effects on the gut metabolism pathways, among which CN inhibited the production of stearamine by promoting the proliferation of Dubosiella, while HMT-CN contributed to the growth of Lachnoclostridium, Desulfovibrio, and Faecalibaculum which stimulated the formation of associated metabolites including jwh-018-d11, valylproline, tetranor-12(S)-HETE, and PA (3:0/18:0). Overall, these discoveries could provide basic data for the effective utilization of CN in food industry processing.