背景:FTO基因rs9939609多态性的A等位基因一直与不同人群的较高体重指数相关,但是关于它对食物摄入变异性的贡献,已经发现了相互矛盾的结果。
目的:本研究旨在调查阿根廷城市人口中这种遗传变异与营养和食物摄入之间的关联。
方法:横截面,分析调查于2018年10月至2020年2月期间进行。
方法:/设置:居住在拉普拉塔的男女成年人,阿根廷,通过社交网络(Instagram和Facebook)招募。在179名符合条件的成年人中,共有173名成年人被纳入最终分析.
方法:通过访谈食物频率问卷获得营养和食物组摄入量数据。测量身高和体重,并通过实时PCR获得基因型。
方法:通过一般线性模型评估每个等位基因对营养和食物组摄入量的影响,调整年龄,性别,教育水平,总能量摄入,和体重指数。通过主成分分析得出膳食模式。还通过一般线性模型评估了A等位基因与对每种饮食模式的依从性的关联。
结果:风险等位基因的频率为27%。A携带者显示出较高的总脂肪(占总能量摄入量的1.88[0.55,3.21]%),饱和脂肪酸(总能量摄入的0.82[0.25-1.39]%),和单不饱和脂肪酸(占总能量摄入的0.66[0.08,1.24]%),和较低的碳水化合物(-1.99[-3.48,-0.50]的总能量摄入量)摄入量比TT纯合。A携带者还报告了更高的“牛奶和酸奶”(占总能量摄入量的1.08[0.24,1.91]%),“动物脂肪”(占总能量摄入量的1.09[0.14-2.03]%),与TT纯合相比,富含脂肪的超加工食品(占总能量摄入量的2.10[0.52,3.67]%)的摄入量。此外,A携带者对西方饮食模式的依从性更高。
结论:A等位基因有助于研究人群的营养和食物摄入变异性,并与富含饱和脂肪酸的食物的消费有关。
BACKGROUND: The A allele of rs9939609 polymorphism at the FTO gene has been consistently associated with higher body mass index in different populations, but conflicting results have been found regarding its contribution to food intake variability.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between this genetic variant and nutrient and food intake in an urban Argentinian population.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytic investigation was performed between October 2018 and February 2020.
METHODS: Adults of both sexes residing in La Plata, Argentina, were recruited through social networks (Instagram and Facebook). Of 179 eligible adults, a total of 173 adults were included in the final analyses.
METHODS: Nutrient and food group intake data were obtained by an interview-administered food frequency questionnaire. Height and weight were measured, and genotypes were obtained by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
METHODS: The per-allele effect on nutrient and food group intake was assessed by general linear models, adjusting for age, sex, educational level, total energy intake, and body mass index. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. The association of the A allele with adherence to each dietary pattern was also evaluated by the general linear model.
RESULTS: The frequency of the risk allele was 27%. A-carriers showed a higher total fat (1.88 [0.55, 3.21] % of total energy intake), saturated fatty acids (0.82 [0.25-1.39] % of total energy intake), and monounsaturated fatty acids (0.66 [0.08, 1.24] % of total energy intake), and a lower carbohydrate (-1.99 [-3.48, -0.50] % of total energy intake) intake than TT homozygous. A-carriers also reported a higher \"milk and yogurt\" (1.08 [0.24, 1.91] % of total energy intake), \"animal fats\" (1.09 [0.14-2.03] % of total energy intake), and fat-rich ultraprocessed foods (2.10 [0.52, 3.67] % of total energy intake) intake in comparison with TT homozygous. Furthermore, A-carriers showed higher adherence to the Western dietary pattern.
CONCLUSIONS: The A allele contributed to nutrient and food intake variability in the studied population and was associated with the consumption of saturated fatty acids-enriched foods.